darker markings, Fins all dull brown. Length 58 mm, One 
without locality, probably from Rio Janeiro, 
Compared with examples in the Academy from Florida, 
and in agreement, 
Monacanthus melanocephalus Bleeker, 7 g , Id Ke- 
Head 3 1/8; depth 1 Cee OD Lhe 26; A.26: P. 123 snout 
1 2/5 in head; eye 2 2/5; interorbital 2 2/3; head width 1 7/8. 
Gill-opening 11/2 in eye. Skin velvety and no spines on cau- 
dal peduncle. Dorsal spine inserted about over middle of eye, 
and each hind edge with row of long strong pointed spines, 
curved downward, “oderate flap behind, ventral spi-e, though 
not extending beyond; spine long; strong and with large spin- 
ules, Cilor in alcohol blackish-browm, little clouded, Sides 
of abdomen pale. Fins all pale brown, and 2 dusky blotches 
along bases of soft dorsal and anal. Caudal with large dark 
blotch above and another below, about midway in fin length, 
also submarginal dark line behind. Length 48 mm, One without 
locality, likely Polynesia? 
This species is easily known by its strong armature of 
the dorsal and ventral spines, 
Monacanthus hispidus (Linnaeus). ¢4%-33 7 
. Head 3 1/10 to 3 1/5; depth 1 1/2 to 1 3/43; D. II-32 or 
33; A. 32; P. 13 or 14; snout 1 1/3 in head; eye 2 3/5 to 3 1/8; 
interorbital 2 4/5 to 3; head width 1 7/8 to 2, Gill-opening 
11/2 to 1 3/5 in eye. No ventral flap. Skin velvety, and no 
