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160 ’ AXI—THE PYRALIDAE. 
from costa at nearly 4+ to dorsum at about 4; the orbicular stigma 
is very elongate, jet black; the reniform is heavily outlined in 
black, with one very distinct pale centre and a partially enclosed 
pale spot immediately below this; a curved series of blackish 
dashes, from costa beyond reniform to about # of dorsum, repre- 
sents the second line; a very indistinct subterminal shading, 
except at tornus; the cilia are greyish-ochreous, darker towards 
base. The hind-wings are very deep ochreous-grey, becoming 
almost black towards termen; the cilia are greyish-ochreous. 
The perfect insect appears in January. 
Described and figured from a specimen kindly sub- 
mitted by Mr. Philpott. 
OROCRAMBUS TRITONELLUS. 
(Crambus tritonellus, Meyr., Trans. N.Z. Inst., xvii., 134.) 
(Plate XX., fig. 27 @.) 
This very local species, which is paler in its colouring 
than any of its congeners, has occurred on Mount Grey, 
North Canterbury, at Broken River and at Castle Hill, 
West Coast Road. 
The expansion of the wings is ~ inch. The fore-wings are 
elongate-triangular with the termen rather oblique; dark ochre- 
ous-brown, with the veins marked in black, except near the: costa; 
there is a straight whitish stripe from the base to the termen, 
slightly above the middle; a very fine whitish line along the 
costal edge, and an indistinct streak before the apex. The hind- 
wings are pale ochreous-brown, clouded with grey between the 
veins. 
The perfect insect appears in November. 
Described and figured from a single specimen in Mr. 
Philpott’s collection, captured by Mr. J. H. Lewis. The 
type specimen, in Mr. Meyrick’s collection, was discovered 
by Mr. J. D. Enys. 
OROCRAMBUS MACHABERISTES. 
(Orocrambus machaeristes, Meyr., Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1905, 
224.) 
(Plate XX., fig. 22 9.) 
This striking species is very common on Mount Earn- 
slaw and on the Humboldt Range at the head of Lake 
Wakatipu at an elevation of about 5,000 feet above the 
sea-level. It has also occurred on Arthur’s Pass and Van- 
euard Peak. 
The expansion of the wings is about finch. The fore-wings 
are dark blackish-grey; there is an elongate, thin, wedge-shaped, 
white, central mark from the base to about % broadly bordered 
with black beneath and towards termen; the black border extends 
upwards towards the costa in the form of two or three irregular 
black marks; beyond the central marking the wing is speckled 
with white; there is a curved series of small black dots near 
the termen, the termen itself being broadly bordered with black. 
The hind-wings are dark blackish-brown, darker near the termen. 
This species varies considerably in the extent of the 
whitish speckling on the fore-wings near the termen, but 
is easily recognised by the narrow wedge-shaped white cen- 
tral marking. 
The perfect insect appears from December till Febru- 
ary. It frequents the snowgrass on the high mountain 
sides, flying with great activity in the hottest sunshine, and 
im such situations it is often very abundant. 

OROCRAMBUS SCOPARIOIDES. 
(Orocrambus scoparioides, Philp., Trans. N.Z. Inst., xlvi., 119.) 
(Plate XLV., fig. 1 95) 
This bright-looking little insect was discovered by Mr. 
Fenwick on Ben Lomond, Lake Wakatipu, at elevations 
between 3,000 and 4,000 feet above the sea-level. It has 
also occurred at Paradise and Commissioners Creek. 
The expansion of the wings is nearly # inch. The fore 
wings are elongate-triangular with the termen slightly oblique; 
very warm reddish-brown with the veins irregularly streaked 
with black; the other markings are pale ochreous; there is a 
small patch on the dorsum at the base; the first line is rather 
indistinct with two indentations; there are traces of a pale 
ochreous median shade; the second line is very distinct, slightly 
wavy, angulated below costa. The hind-wings are dark brown, 
darker towards the termen. The cilia of all the wings are 
bright ochreous-brown. 
The perfect insect appears from December to Febru- 
ary, and frequents marshy places on the mountain side. 
Described and figured from a specimen in the Fen- 
wick collection. 
OROCRAMBUS CULTUS. 
(Orocrambus cultus, Philp., Trans. N.Z. Inst., xliv., 242.) 
(Plate XLIV., fig. 10 9.) 
This very distinectly-marked species was discovered by 
Mr. Pasco on Cecil Peak, near Queenstown, Lake Waka- 
tipu. 
The expansion of the wings is barely 1 inch. The fore- 
wings are deep yellowish-brown,; there are dusky blackish longi- 
tudinal shadings on the costa, below the middle, and on the 
dorsum; a broad broken whitish-ochreous longitudinal streak 
extends from the base to 3, below the middle; there are two 
elongate marks above this; a whitish-ochreous line crosses the 
wing at 3% sharply bent outwards just below the costa; all the 
principal veins are marked with blackish streaks, and there is a 
terminal series of whitish dots. The hind-wings are dark grey- 
ish-ochreous. 
The perfect insect appears in January. 
Described and figured from a specimen in the Pasco 
collection. 
Genus 2—CRAMBUS, Fab. 
Fore-wings with 4 and 5 sometimes Stalked, 7 and 8 out 
of 9. Hind-wings with 4 and 5 connate or stalked, 7 out of 6, 
anastomosing with 8. (Plate D., figs. 11, 12, 13 neuration and 
head of Crambus vitellus.*) 
A very large genus, common throughout the world, 
except in Australia, where there are no indigenous species, 
and the Indo-Malayan region, where there are compara- 
tively few. The larvae probably nearly all feed amongst 
stems or roots of grass, or seldom on moss, but are little 
known, notwithstanding their abundance. The New Zea- 
land species are all endemic. The insects comprised in 
this familiar genus are, as a rule, very similar in superfi- 
cial appearance. They chiefly frequent open, grassy coun- 

*In some specimens vein 9 is missing and veins 4 and 5 
are sometimes stalked and sometimes simple. 

