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XV—THE TORTRICIDAE. 
There is probably considerable variation in the brown 
markings on the fore-wings, but further material is needed 
to determine the extent of this. 
Two specimens were bred from larvae inadvertently 
taken by Mr. J. S. Tennant, feeding in flower heads of 
Pleurophyllum speciosum, at Port Ross on 28th November, 
1907. They were afterwards taken to New Zealand with 
the botanical specimens. The pupa was noted on 10th 
January following and the perfect insects emerged on the 
14th February. 
TORTRIX ALOPECANA. 
(Cacoecia alopecana, Meyr., Trans. N.Z. Inst., xvii., 147.) 
(Plate XLV., fig. 11 9.) 
This brightly-coloured species was discovered by Mr. 
Meyrick at the Bealey River in 1883. It has not been 
detected by subsequent collectors. 
The expansion of the wings is about 3 inch. The fore-wings 
are elongate-oblong with the costa arched and the tornus 
rounded; very bright reddish-brown, faintly clouded with purplish 
towards the base and termen; there are obscure orange-brown 
patches on the costa near the middle, in the disc, and on the 
dorsum; the terminal area is spotted with reddish-brown. The 
hind-wings are pale ochreous, dappled with pale grey and with 
the apex tipped with reddish-brown. 
Of this species Mr. Meyrick remarks as follows: 
‘*T am compelled to separate this species from 7’. 
excessana on account of the structural difference in the 
antennae of the male; otherwise I should certainly have 
regarded it as a mere variety. It is constantly much smaller 
than the average of that species, but 7’. excessana is occa- 
sionally quite as small; it iy also much redder, and the 
hind-wings are more clearly whitish, but these points are 
quite indefinable, and would not be sufficient for demarea- 
tion; moreover, I conceive that the diminished size and the 
reddish colouring of both larva and imago are the direct 
effect of the peculiar foodplant. But the antennae of the 
male are in 7’. excessana tolerably filiform, the joints hardly 
dilated, the ciliations not longer than the width of the 
joints; whilst in 7’. alopecana they are conspicuously ser- 
rate, the joints almost triangular, and the ciliations much 
longer, fully twice the greatest width of the joints. These 
differences are quite constant, and must be regarded as 
sufficient. 
‘* The larva is 16-legged, moderately cylindrical, some- 
what tapering at both ends; variable, yellowish to ochreous- 
brown; segmental incisions and sometimes sides ochreous- 
carmine; spots large, pale, in some lights whitish; head and 
second segment ochreous-brown. Feeds in spun shoots and 
between joined leaves of Phyllocladus alpinus (Conferae), 
in January. Pupa in the same position. 
‘“T took two specimens in the forests on the Bealey 
River (2,100 feet) in January, and at the same time found 
larvae feeding, from which I bred-three more specimens in 
February.’’ 
Deseribed and figured from one of the original speci- 
mens kindly given to me by Mr. Meyrick. 
TORTRIX EXCESSANA. 
(Teras excessana, Walk., Cat., xxviii., 303; Cacoecia excessana, 
Meyr., Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W., 1881, 491; Trans. N.Z. 
Inst., xv., 48; Teras biguttana, Walk., Cat., xxviii., 305; 
? abjectana, ib., xxxv. 1781.) 
(Plate XXIV., figs. 5 and 30 ¢ varieties; 6, 27, 28, 29, 2 ditto; 
Frontispiece, fig. 27 portion of egg-mass.) 
This species is very common and generally distributed 
throughout the country and is one of the most abundant 
and conspicuous species of the New Zealand Tortrices. It 
is also found on the Chatham Islands. 
The expansion of the wings varies from {¢ inch to 1} inches. 
The fore-wings of the male are rather broad, the costa strongly 
arched and the termen distinctly bowed outward and not 
oblique; dull reddish - brown to bright reddish - brown 
generally with very obscure blackish markings; there is 
a very faintly marked basal patch, an _ indistinct, irre 
gular central band; an indefinite patch below the apex and 
an obscure discal spot; the outer portions of the wing are often 
thickly speckled with blackish grey. The hind-wings are pale 
grey, sometimes slightly tinged with reddish-brown and faintly 
dappled with darker grey. The female has the fore-wings longer 
and narrower and the general colouring usually brighter than 
the male. 
This species is very variable, especially in the female. The 
principal varieties are enumerated below :— 
A. MALES: 
(1.) Fore-wings with rather large white, or pale yellowish, 
central spot. This form was described by Walker as 
Teras biguttana but it is not a distinct species (fiy. 5.) 
(2.) Fore-wings ochreous, marbled with dark brown (fig. 
30.) 
(3.) Fore-wings. clouded with dark purplish-brown. 
B. FEMALES: 
(1.) Fore-wings uniform bright orange-brown without dis- 
tinct markings (fig. 29.) 
(2.) Fore-wings uniform bright orange-brown densely spec- 
kled with dark brown, with faint discal dot and two 
clear black dots below apex. 
(3.) Fore-wings warm brown with black discal and sub- 
apical spots (fig. 27.) 
(4.) Fore-wings warm brown thickly speckled with black, 
except on space between central band and apical patch 
(fig. 28.) 
(5.) Fore-wings ochreous, marbled with dark brown. This 
is a very distinct form and identical with variety No. 
2 of the male. 
(6.) Fore-wings ochreous-brown with the basal patch and 
central band well-defined, also a cloudy patch below 
the apex. This form is often finely dotted with black 
in addition. 
(7.) Fore-wings more or less clouded with dark purplish- 
brown. 
(8.) Fore-wings ochreous, with dorsum clouded with brown 
(fig. 6.) 
All these varieties are closely connected by numerous inter- 
mediate forms. 
The eggs are flat with a semi-transparent border; pale 
ereen covered with minute hexagonal depressions. They 
are deposited partly overlapping one another, the whole 
forming a flat oval mass. 

