52 
CONTRIBUTIONS TO DEVONIAN PALEONTOLOGY. [bull. 244. 
The Buchiola speciosa fauna represented in the Virginia sections and its reported range in 
the New York formations — Continued. 
[a, abundant; c, common; r, rare; C, Chemung; G, Genesee; H, Hamilton; 
0, Onondaga; N, Nunda, W, Waverly.] 
I, Ithaca 
; M, Marcellus; 
Section. 
Range in New 
York forma- 
1380. 
1382. 
1383. 
Bl. 
Dl. 
El. 
B4. 
C. 
D. 
A4. 
A6. 
A7. 
A8. 
A9. 
r 
r 
r 
C. 
r 
14. Nucula corbuliformis 
c 
r 
r 
c 
H, C. 
15. N. cf . lirata 
C 
H. 
M H 
r 
18. P. constricta 
r 
H, N, C. 
19. Leptodesma sociale 
r 
C. 
20. Pterochsenia fragile 
c 
r 
r 
c 
c 
r 
M, H, G, N, C. 
21. Actinopteria epsilon 
C. 
a 
23. Styliola flssurella 
a 
a 
a 
a 
a 
r 
a 
M, G. 
24. Tentaculites gracilistriatus 
M. 
25. Goleolua acicula 
G. 
c 
c 
r 
H. 
27. Hyolithes aclis 
H. 
28. Orthoceras bebryx var. cayuga 
29. Agoniatites vanuxemi 
r 
C. 
r 
r 
M. 
30. Parodiceras discoideum 
c 
r 
r 
c 
H. 
The association of the several species of the Virginia faunules indi- 
cates the homeotopic relationship of the faunules, and leaves little 
room for doubt that no one of the species can be regarded as univer- 
sally diagnostic of any particular zone of the middle Devonian, but 
for purposes of correlation indicates only some portion of the wide 
range of time expressed by the series of formations named. 
THE FAUNULES, THEIR RANGE AND ENVIRONMENT. 
By H. S. Williams. 
An examination of the separate faunules brings out their relation- 
ship to each other, and also the relation between the faunal contents 
and the purity of the black-shale sediments. 
In the lower part of these black shales of Virginia and West Vir- 
ginia their normal fauna is present, as is shown in the faunules 1376 
B3, 1379 A2, 1380 A4, 1382 B4 and B5, 1383 A2 and A3, which contain 
the following species: 
Lingula ligea. 
Schizobolus concentricus. 
S. truncatus. 
Chonetes scitulus. 
These species occur in the southern sections, where the fine-grained 
black shale rests immediately upon the limestones. The shales are 
the typical Chattanooga shales. 
