WILLIAMS AND 
KINDLE. 
CORRELATION OF CATAWISSA SECTION. 81 
to the base of the first red bed, Kindle estimated to be a little over 
2,100 feet. No single section can be measured through the whole 
series, and the element of dip comes in to make up the difference in 
estimated thickness. Many of the zones of the original section were 
recognized by Kindle, but not all, and the section here reported upon 
is given on the basis of an independent examination and tabulation of 
the strata, the section, however, covers the same interval of rocks 
given in Kept. G 7. 
The Stony Brook beds are identified in Rept. G 7 as No. 39 of the 
section. Whether I. C. White's identification of the beds in this section 
is correct or not, the Stony Brook beds were then regarded as of great 
value for determining horizons. I. C. White stated that the u Stony 
Brook horizon can be recognized anywhere within the region where- 
ever its beds are exposed, from Luzerne County to the southern part of 
Northumberland," a and suggests that this zone may be present 50 
or 150 feet below the third Venango oil sand in Crawford and Erie 
counties. 
The four species which are said to be "always associated in the 
Stony Brook beds " are Productella hirsuta, Spirifer disjunctus, long- 
winged form, Spirifer mesicostalis, and Leiorhynchus mesicostale. 0. 
The original outcrop of the Stony Brook beds is in Columbia 
County, at a cutting where the road crosses Stony Brook, one-half 
mile north of the south line of Orange Township. The brook empties 
into Fishing Creek. 
On the evidence of the fossils, the following statement was made 
concerning the Stony Brook beds: " In fact this horizon seems to 
represent, par excellence, the typical Chemung rocks of New York in 
physical aspect as well as in fossils."* And in the final report, ten 
years later, this interpretation is confirmed. c 
As is shown in the present report (see page 76) the fossils found 
in the rocks at the horizon called " Stony Creek beds " by I. C. White do 
not belong to the fauna of the typical Chemung formation of New 
York, but to a fauna always, in the New York section, found below 
the typical Chemung in what, along the Cayuga Lake meridian, is 
called the Ithaca member. In fact the combination of species is 
very close to that found in the central part of the typical Ithaca 
member of Ithaca, N. Y. Professor Hall's surmise, that the Stony 
Creek beds were middle Chemung, was nearer the truth, but in mak- 
ing that judgment he was misled by the report that Spirifer disjunctus 
was present in the fauna. Not a trace of that species has been found 
anywhere in the Catawissa section.'' The use of this bed as evidence 
of the upper part of the typical Chemung, as in this and several other 
a Second Pennsylvania Geol. Survey, Rept, <i 7, p. 72. 
*>Ibid., p. 92. 
^Summary Final Rept. Second Pennsylvania Geol. Survey, vol. 2, |>. 1564. 
dSee Second Pennsylvania Geol. Survey, Rept, <i 7, p. \ \ \. 
