INSTRUCTIONS TO JUDGES. 
Merit: The merit of specimens shall be determined by a careful 
examination of all the points in the "Scale of Points," beginning with 
Symmetry and continuing through the list s deducting from the full value 
of each section of a perfect bird, for such defects as are found in each 
specimen. 
Weight: (a) All specimens shall be judged according to their stand- 
ard weights; provided, however, that the disqualifying weights for chicks 
and poults shall not apply until December 1st of each year, (b) In all 
breeds of fowl having weight clauses, except Bantams, deduct two points 
per pound for amount lacking from standard weights, and in that pro- 
portion for any fractional part of a pound, using one-fourth pound as the 
minimum, the specimen to have the benefit of any fraction less than one- 
fourth pound, (c) In all varieties of Bantams, deduct one-half point 
per ounce for any excess over standard weights, (d) In all varieties of 
turkeys and geese, and in all varieties of ducks except those prized for 
their smallness, having weight clauses, deduct three points per pound for 
amount lacking from standard weights, and in that proportion for any 
fractional part of a pound, using one-fourth pound as a minimum, the 
specimen to have the benefit of any fraction less than one-fourth pound. 
(e) In all varieties of fowls, except Bantams, also in all varieties of tur- 
keys and geese, and all varieties 
of ducks except those prized 
for their smallness, when adult 
specimens are equal in score 
and are above or below stand- 
ard weight, the one nearest 
standard weight shall be 
awarded the prize, except 
when one specimen is cut for 
weight and the other is not, 
the specimen that is standard 
weight or above shall be 
awarded the prize. (/) All chicks or immature specimens — except Ban- 
tams and those varieties of ducks prized for their smallness — having an 
equal score, when cut for lack of weight, the one of less weight shall be 
awarded the prize, but when each of such specimens are of standard 
weight, the heaviest one shall win. (g) In all varieties of Bantams, and 
those varieties of ducks prized for their smallness, other things being 
29 
Fig. 32. 
Diagram showing Degrees from Horizonta 
