140 BOTANY 
(Fig. 99) and New Zealand fiax are parallel veined. 
The supple-jack (Fig. 99) is exceptional, for, though 
a monocotyledon, it has net-veined leaves. In net- 
veined, leaves the branching may be palmate as the 
fingers branch from the palm of the hand, or pinnate, 
aS the branches come off a feather (L. pinna a 
feather). The pinnate arrangement is the commoner, 
and is well seen in the peach, cherry, and coprosma 
(Fig. 99), while the palmate type is shown in the whau 
(Fig. 99), violet, geranium, ivy and buttercup. The 
tea-tree leaf has, in addition to its midrib, a strong 
vein or nerve extending from the base alone either 
edge almost to the tip. (Fig. 99). 
The margins of leaves may in some eases, as in the 
privet, tea-tree, kauri, and coprosma (Fig. 100) be 
entire, z.¢., unnotched. The notching of the leaves that 
occurs in so many plants, seems, to a considerable 
extent, to be dependent on the arrangement of the 
veins. Where the veining is pinnate the notching is 
serrate (lL. serra a saw), the teeth being all inclined 
upwards from the base towards the apex, as is the case 
also with the veins. Such is the case in the plum and 
tupari (Olearia colensoi) (Fig. 100). Where the margin 
is waved instead of notched, as is the case with the 
kohuhu (Pittosporum tenuifolium), a common hedge 
plant, it is said to be sinuate (L. sinus a fold). In 
many palmately veined leaves the notching is dentate 
(L. dens a tooth), the teeth pointing outwards in the 
direction taken by the veins. Such is the case with 
the whau (Fig. 99) and the lobes of the buttercup 
leaves. Where the teeth are rounded, as in the violet 
and Mcunt Cook lily, the margin is crenate. 
Let us now follow the pinnate type from the entire 
form through various stages of notching, till finally 
the blade is divided into distinet segments and we 
have a pinnately compound leaf (Fig. 100). 
