208 BOTANY 
the rimu, with here and there a sprinkling of karaka, 
rewarewa, mangeao, and pukatea. 
In certain parts of the Auckland Peninsula the 
mixed forest disappears and the kauri becomes the 
dominant tree. These trees, as a rule, appear in groups, 
and the spaces between these groups are occupied with 
a varied mass of trees, shrubs, and ferns. ‘The taraire, 
I. Cockayne, Ph.D,., F.R.S., photo 
Exterior view of southern-beech forest of dry district, near mouth of 
Broken River, at about 2,500 feet altitude. 
the silvery tree-fern, and the North Island rata are 
among the commonest forms, while kidney ferns and 
astelias that are not epiphytes clothe the ground. 
The kahikatea sometimes occupies low swampy 
plains to the exclusion of nearly all other forest trees. 
Here, in the undergrowth may be seen lawyer and 
certain species of coprosma, while high up the stems 
of the pine scrambles the kiekie, rooting as it goes. On 
leaving sea level, new factors other than the abundance 
or scarcity of water, begin to make themselves 
