228 BOTANY 
scented flowers such as we find in several stocks are 
pollinated by night-flying moths. 
Characteristics of the order.—Perianth free; flower 
hypogynous; parts in twos and four; corolla cruciform ; 
stamens six; tetradynamous; fruit a siliqua or silicula. 
‘The leaves usually have a turnipy smell, and the plants 
have medicinal qualities. They are largely used for 
food and contain organic compounds that prevent 
seurvy. The flowers of the crucifere show a consider- 
able advance on those of the ranuneulaceew in the 
reduction of the stamens, their multiplication and 
peculiar arrangement in two whorls, and in the 
reduction and union of the earpels. 
Floral formula—K 2+2C4. A2+2x2G (2), 
K 2 +2 means that there are 4 sepals arranged in 
two whorls. 
C 4 that there are 4 free petals. 
A 2+2x 2 that there are 6 stamens in two whorls, 
2 in the first and 4 in the second, each stamen in the 
latter whorl being formed by division of a single 
stamen. 
G (2) that there are two united carpels forming 
a superior ovary. 
NEw ZEALAND REPRESENTATIVES. 
1. Cardamine hirsuta is a small crucifer common 
throughout New Zealand. It seems to grow best by 
the sides of shaded paths and streams near the edge of 
the bush. The leaves are in appearance not unlike 
those of a delicate young watercress plant, and have 
the turnipy smell and flavour characteristic of this 
order. The flower is very small but has the charac- 
teristic cross form; stamens sometimes only four. 
Fruit very narrow. This is perhaps the ecrucifer most 
readily available. 
2. Notothlaspi rosulatum, a crucifer of the Southern 
shingle slips, forms, with its leaves, an umbrella-shaped 
