236 BOTANY 
odour of the sepal-lobes. The styles bearing the slightly 
dilated stigma project a little from the mouth of the 
flower tube. The stigmas become ripe at the same time 
as the anthers open, but insects generally alight on 
the stigmas first and thus bring to them pollen from 
previously visited flowers. 
Characteristics of the order: flowers apopetalous, 
perigynous, regular; stamens numerous, in whorls; 
pistil apoearpous. The highly perigynous condition 
is an advaneed character, but the numerous free 
earpels and stamens show a more primitive condition. 
Floral Formula, K(5), C5 AooG &, 
NEW ZEALAND EXAMPLES. 
1. The Lawyer (Rubus australis) (Fig. 133) is 
practically the same as the blackberry, being a woody 
scrambler making its way by hooks over and among 
the vegetation on the edge of the bush. It is, however, 
dicecious, the male and female flowers being produced 
on different plants. The fruit is an etario of drupelets 
as in the blackberry. In this the carpels are not set 
in a cup but on a dome-shaped receptacle. 
2. The Bidi-bidi (Fig. 132) properly Piri-piri 
(Acewna) is a creeping plant with much divided leaves. 
Inflorescence—a dense globular head. 
Flower—has calyx of four lobes, no corolla, two to 
four stamens, highly perigynous. 
Pistil—carpels, one, long style with elub-shaped 
stigma, single ovule. The exserted stamens and large 
club-shaped stigma go to show that the flower is wind 
pollinated. 
Fruit—an achene distributed by means of barbed 
hooks formed at the base of the ealyx. 
This plant is a member of the Rosacee because 
of its highly perigynous nature and the fact that its 
fruit is an achene. 
