PLANT DESCRIPTION 247 
but effective pollination mechanism, and the numerous 
devices for distribution of the seed are all advanced 
characters. 
Floral Formula.—kK (5) C (5) A(5) G@(Q). 
COMMERCIAL PRODUCTS. 
1. Sunflower (Helsanthus annwus) is cultivated for its 
seeds, which yield a valuable oil. 
9. Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus  tuberosus) 
cultivated for its tubers. 
8. Chicory (Cichorium intybus) used for its roots 
which are dried in kilns, roasted, ground, and mixed 
with coffee. 
4, Lettuce (Lactuca), used for salad. 
5. Dandelion—medicinal. 
New ZEALAND EXAMPLES. 
New Zealand is rich in a considerable variety of 
plants belonging to the composite. Whereas the 
species of this order which belong to the British flora, 
are herbs, New Zealand examples comprise herbs, 
shrubs, and trees. 
1. The haastias and raoulias are remarkable 
cushion plants found in stony river-beds and on rocky 
mountain sides. They shade the ground even more 
effectively than rosette-plants, their low-growing, 
rounded form renders them practically immune from 
the storms that sweep the mountains, while the dense 
hairs with which their exposed parts are felted doubt- 
less serve to guard against extremes of heat and cold, 
and to check undue loss of water by transpiration. 
2. The rangiora is a small tree which bears large 
undivided leaves and much branched panicles of 
small inflorescences. The under sides of the leaf 
blades are covered with fine white down (tomentum) 
which gives the leaf its characteristic appearance 
when waving in the breeze. The rangiora is one of 
