ENGLISH 13 
some thalloid liverworts (cf. tetrahedral, dolabrate) [f255, g558, s307]. 
284 cupulate — cup-shaped, rounded and swollen; e.g., open capsule of Physcomtrium, 
Phasconica (see cyathiform) [f256, g142, s10, 308]. 
285 cupuliform — see cupulate [f258, g142, s309]. 
286 cushions — with stems - erect, tightly clustered and somewhat radiating at edges; e.g., 
Grimmia [f244, g565, 773, s253]. 
287 cuspidate — ending abruptly in a stout, rigid point (cf. apiculate) [f259, g326, 946, 1120, 
288 cuticle — an extracellular cutinized layer on the epidermis of most complex thalloid 
hepatics, leaves or stems of mosses, setae and capsules of mosses and capsules of 
hornworts; archiac term for outer layer of differentiated cells, as in Sphagnum stem [£260, 
g618, s311]. 
289 cutting face —- applied to the wall surface(s) of the apical cell from which partitioning of 
derivatives occur; each cutting face becomes the basiscopic surface of a merophyte 
ollowing separation of the derivative from the apical cell; includes all surfaces or faces 
except the free surface of the apical cell [(389, g896, s1068 
290 cyathiform — cup-shaped (see cupulate) [f261, g142, s222]. 
91 cygneous -- curved like a swan's neck; e.g. setae in many species of Campylopodium and 
Campylopus |f262, g-, s234]. 
292 cylindrical -- elongate and circular in transverse-section [f265, g1082, 1148, s224]. 
293 cymbiform - concave and broadly Ponmapes e.g., leaves of Fontinalis novae-angliae 
var. cyrnbifolia [f266, g170, 537, s228]. 
D 
295 deciduous — falling off; e.g., sheading of operculum (see caducous, fugacious) [f267, g2, 
7, $312]. 
296 declinate — bent or curved downward or forward [f268, g10, s313]. 
297 decolorate — discolored, colorless [f269, g288, 317, s314]. 
298 decumbent -- with stem prostrate but with ascending tips [f270, g704, s315]. 
299 decurrent -- with basal leaf margins extending down the stem past the eis insection as 
ridges or narrow wings; e.g., Col. ium, Morinia, Scapania, Plag [f271, g455, 
s316]. 
300 dedifferentiation —- reversion of a mature, or differentiated cell to an undifferentiated 
state with resumption of meristematic activity [f272, g287, s328]. 
301 defoliate — denuded of leaves; leaves removed or lost [f273, g284, s317]. 
302 dehiscent — the capsule opening regularly by means of an annulus and operculum or 
values (opposed to indehiscent) [f274, g113, 200, s318]. 
303 deltoid — shaped like an equilateral triangle; e.g., stipe leaves of Hypnodendron dendroides 
[f275, g234, s319]. 
304 dendrophilous — tree-loving; dwelling on or among trees (f277, g202, s320]. 
305 dendroid — tree-like; branched above a distinct trunk-like stipe; e.g., Climacium, 
Pterobryon, Hypnodendron (cf. frondose) [f276, g127, s321]. 
