18 ENGLISH 
408 exohydric — having water transport essentially external by surface flow; including capillary 
flow between leaves or through surface papillae (cf. endohydric, mesohydric) [f380, g308, 
s486] 
409 exospore — the outer covering of a spore [f382, g309, s488]. 
where the first mito tic division occurs after 
411 exostome — the outer circle of the diplolepidous peristome, formed from contiguous 
periclinal wall-pairs of the outer and primary peristomial layers; missing or rudimentary 
i P T^ 12 : ff2?o^? 21 «4901 
in 
412 exothecium — the outermost layer of the capsule wall, consisting of exothecial cells; the 
capsule epidermis [f384, g312, s489]. 
413 explanate — flattened or spread out (cf. inflated) [f66, g313, 335, s491]. 
414 exserted — projecting and exposed; e.g., capsules or perianths held clear of the tips of 
perichaetial leaves (cf. emergent) [f385, g457, s482]. 
415 exsiccatum (pl.: exsiccata) — dried plant; usually referring to widely distributed sets of 
specimens, with printed labels, that are used as standards for comparison [f386, g314, 
s492]. 
ug 
416 failing — premature ending, or termination; i.e., costa ending below apex [f1076, g1045, 
060] 
$1060]. 
417 falcate — curved like the blade of a sickle [f395, g923, s495]. 
418 falcate-secund — strongly curved and turned to one side [f396, g924, s496]. 
419 py — à group, cluster or bundle of branches; e.g., branches in Sphagnum |f391, g184, 
420 fasciculate — 
g365, s499]. 
421 fastigiate — with branches erect and * equal in length [f398, g410, s503]. 
422 fenestrate — pierced with openings or perforations; e.g., uni- and pluri- fenestrate patterns 
of thickenings of the inner capsule wall cells in various liverworts (e.g. Lejeuneaceae); 
also m to describe some types of perforated peristome teeth in mosses [f402, g329, 367, 
bunched together, in bundles or fascicles; e.g., branches of Sphagnum [f397, 
$504]. 
423 ferruginous — rust-colored [f403, g858, 8506]. 
424 fibril — fine, fiber-like wall thickenings [f409, g320, 330, s507]. 
425 fibrillose — with fine, fiber-like wall thickenings (fibrils); applied to Sphagnum hyalocysts 
where the fibrils may be spiral or annular [f410, 331, s508]. 
426 filamentous — thread-like [f413, g315, s509]. 
427 filiform — slender and el 
428 fimbriate — fringed, generally with ra 
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