24 ENGLISH 
by the blades or awns of the perichaetial leaves (cf. emergent, exserted); or to sunken 
stomata (see cryptoporic) [(516, g258, s663]. 
550 imperfect — incomplete, especially in reference to a peristome; e.g., absence of cilia [f517, 
g1045, s643]. 
551 inaperturate — spore without a germination pore or aperture [f518, g513, s644]. 
552 incised — cut into sharp divisions separated by narrow sinuses [f520, g257, s646]. 
553 inclined — bent down; capsules that are between the erect and horizontal positions; i.e., 
drooping [f521, g384, s647]. 
554 included — enclosed; not protruding beyond surrounding structures (see immersed) [f522, 
g256, s648]. 
s wc rarely used to describe a loose tuft [f523, g1046, s649, 650]. 
th thickened cell walls [f347, g1056, s389]. 
557 incubous — -Ving BONK an dedan leaf insertion in which the antical (distal) leaf margins 
1 stem surface; when viewed from above the antical leaf 
margins will overlap the postical (proximal) leaf margins of the leaves directly above 
[This type of insertion is associated with a downward curvature of the apex, coupled with 
a ventral tilt of the apical cell]; found in some leafy liverworts; e.g., Lejeunea (cf. 
succubous) [1525, g712, s651]. 
558 incumbent — leaning upon (see procumbent) [f524, g110, s652]. 
559 incurved — curved upward (adaxially) and inward, subjectively stronger than inflexed and 
iin than involute; applied to leaf tips and margins (opposed to recurved) [f526, g232, 
560 indehiscent di ig mechanism; spores shed by irregular rupture or 
breakdown of ciipuule wall; e.g., S. dnvlidosó [£527, g113, 514, s654]. 
561 indigenous — native to a region; not introduced [f528, g259, s655]. 
562 inflated — swollen or bladderlike; puffed up; e.g., the lobules of certain species of 
T or Lejeunea or alar cells of Sematophyllum (opposed to explanate) [f340, g109, 
7| 
563 inflexed — bent upward (adaxially) and weakly inward, applied to leaf margins or leaves 
on a stem (cf. incurved, involute, inrolled; opposed to reflexed) [(531, g252, s658]. 
564 inflorescence -— see gametoecium [f532, g515, 659]. 
565 pooguetd — below the axil, abaxial; e.g., a branch inserted below a leaf [f533, g516, 
566 i initial a ict el Aff, 
1 cell at its earliest stage of specialization; 
continued division and differentiation of its derivatives produce particular structures or 
* organs; e.g, rhizoid initial, leaf initial [f534, g517, $661]. 
RH tl * 16 idostome [fT 2, g520, s868]. 
inner peristomial layer — the innermost layer of the peristomial cylinder, proximally 
continuous with the outer spore sac, that contributes in the formation of arthrodontous 
pie. abbreviated IPL (see primary- outer- and peristomial layer) [(242, g519, 
569 — 
"m- a new api: in acrocarpic mosses, a beach formed after the formation of 
uced at the base of a gynoecium; in 
^ hervor, temet ea beca and prre I3 goi, 521, s664]. 
Wo TTE pous) [f1087, g199, s667]. 
