ENGLISH 43 
989 spiculose — sharply and minutely toothed or papillose [f923, g966, s438]. 
990 spinose — with sharp, pointed teeth; also very high, sharp leaf cell papillae or mammillae 
[(360, g228, s439]. 
991 spinulose —- minutely spiny [f924, g907, s440]. 
992 spiral segmentation sequence — see helical [f475, 902, 945, $1031]. 
993 splash-cup — any cup-shaped structure; that functions as an aid in the distribution of 
spermatozoids or gemmae by water splash; e.g., Polytrichum, Marchantia, Lunularia 
[f1111, g959, s278]. 
994 sporadic — an irregular occurence; occurring here and there; e.g., plants without a 
continuous range [f925, g949, s445]. 
995 sporangium — see capsule [f926, g950, s446]. 
996 spore — a reproductive unit produced in the capsule as a result of meiosis; usually minute, 
mostly spherical and generally unicellular bodies that give rise on germination to a 
protonemata [f927, g951, s441]. 
997 spore mother cell — see sporocyte [f173, g952, s199]. 
998 spore sac — layer(s) of cells lining the inside and outside of the archesporium [f935, g953, 
s1 
999 siiis — all structures developed between the germination of the spore and the 
formation of the adult gametophore; includes the protonema (variously differentiated) 
and the juvenile gametophore (in some leafy liverworts characterized by pendulum leaf- 
segmentation) [f753, g559, s885]. 
1000 sporocarp — see sporophyte [f931, g955, s447]. 
1001 sporocyte — sporogenous cell; a diploid cell (found in the capsule) that undergoes 
meiosis to produce spores (syn. spore mother cell) [f932, g956, s448]. 
1002 sporogonium -- see sporophyte [f933, g954, s450]. 
1003 sporophyte — the spore-bearing generation; initiated by the fertilization of an egg; 
remaining attached to the ARE and partially dependent on it; typically consisting 
of foot, seta and capsule [f934, g-, 
1004 Medien Torndeg. an due of 45? or more; e.g., the adaxial angle between a leaf and 
tent, squarrose, patent) [f370, g9, s493]. 
1005 bar sordid or dirty [f937, g894, s31]. 
1006 squarrose — spreading at right angles [f938, g935, s432]. 
1007 squarrose-recurved -- spreading at right angles, with the tips, curved downward [f939, 
8936, s433] 
1008 stegocarpous -- referring to capsules with a dehiscent operculum (opposed to 
cleistocarpous) [f940, g971, s451]. 
1009 stellate — star-shaped [f372, g979, s467]. 
1010 stem — the main gametophyte axis (see caulidium) of mosses and leafy liverworts; grows 
by means of a single apical cell [f991, g967, s1074, 1075]. 
1011 stenotypic — applied to a taxon with a narrow range of variability (cf. phenovariant) 
[f941, g975, s452]. 
1012 stereids — slender, elongate, thick-walled, fiber-like cells found in groups (stereid bands) 
in the costa or stems of some mosses [(942, g977, s453]. 
1013 sterome — refers to the entire system of stereids in a moss plant [f943, g978, s454]. 
1014 sterile — without reproductive structures or sporophytes; generally referring to absence 
