ENGLISH 45 
liverworts (cf. incubous) [f965, g1044, s1064]. 
1040 sulcate — strongly plicate, with deep longitudinal furrows or grooves; e.g., capsules of 
Ulota [f909, 370, s1065]. 
1041 sulcus (pl. sulci) — a groove or furrow [f906, g351, s1066]. 
1042 sun-epiphyte — growing on more exposed distal branches of trees; i.e., areas of higher 
light intensity [f364, g-apx, s588]. 
1043 superficial — on the surface [f966, g710, s1067]. 
1044 superior central cell — u-shaped cell (seen in longitudinal section) at base of an 
underleaf in certain leafy liverworts (Lejeuneaceae), connecting the underleaf with the 
stem; sometimes called "rhizoid disc initial cell." [f167, £709, s195]. 
1045 surculus (pl. surculi) — leafy upright shoot from rhizome [f968, g898, s1071]. 
1046 suture — junction or seam; line of dehiscence (see valve) [f969, g-, s1072]. 
1047 rudes (systylous) —- with operculum remaining attached to the tip of the columella 
er dehiscence; e.g., Hymenostylium [f975, g-apx, 1055]. 
1048 dele - taxa inhabiting the same area; with overlapping ranges [f971, g996, s1048]. 
1049 sympodial — a growth pattern in which the primary axis is superseded by a succession of 
secondary axes; (in liverworts) the new primary axis is derived from one fork of a 
dichotomous or pseudodichotomous branch that overtops the other; (in mosses) through 
subfloral innovation (cf. monopodial and dichotomous) [f972, g997, s1049]. 
1050 synoecium (pl. synoecia) — archegonia, antheridia and surrounding bracts (perigonium 
or involucre); a "synoicous inflorescence." [f973, g998, s1051]. 
1051 synoicous — with antheridia and archegonia mixed in the same gametoecium (synoecious; 
see note after autoeicous) [f974, g999, $1052]. 
1052 sylvicolous — dwelling in forests [f970, g927, s1047]. 
T 
1053 tapetum (pl. tapeta) — a nutritive layer of cells in a sporangium (see nurse cells) [f90, 
g1000, s1082]. 
1054 taphrophilous - thriving in ditches [f1113, ne Ho 
pu. — SM of a diplolepidous exostome or h i (divisions of a 
ndostome are called segments and cilia); also sharp projections on margin 
or face of leaf 16278, g1102, s41]. 
1056 telmatophilous — dwelling in wet meadows or marshes [f1114, g1002, s591]. 
1057 teniola (pl. teniolae) —- intramarginal row (border) of differentiated cells in a leaf; 
generally more than one cell thick in the blade, always so in the base; e.g., Calymperes (cf. 
parateniola) [f978, g1003, $1086]. 
1058 terete — rounded in cross-section [f265, g981, s1087]. 
1059 terminal — at the apex, tip or distal end (opposed to basal) [f979, g282, 1004, s1088]. 
1060 terminal branch — a branch formed at the stem apex (cf. intercalary); the branch is 
often associated with a modified (half) leaf or underleaf and has no collar at its base 
[f832, g283, 1005, s974]. 
1061 terrestrial — growing on (dry) ground [f980, g168, s1089]. 
