48 ENGLISH 
1113 unistratose — one-layered; comprised of a single cell layer; e.g., most bryophyte leaves 
[f1029, g262, $1134]. 
1114 upper — toward the apex, well above the middle; e.g., leaves on a stem, cells of a leaf; 
also used for the ventral (adaxial) surface of a leaf or the dorsal (exposed) surface of a 
thallus or prostrate moss; often loosely used for facing distally, irrespective of gravity 
[967, g708, $1070]. E. 
1115 urceolate — urn-shaped; applied to capsules constricted below a wide mouth and abruptly - 3 
narrowed to the seta [f1030, g610, s1138]. E 
1116 urn — spore bearing portion of a capsule (opposed to neck; syn. theca) [f1031, g1047, 
$1139]. E 
1117 utricle — a bladder-shaped appendage, vesicle; sometimes used for enlarged cortical cells : : 
in Sphagnum; the enlarged water-sac on the first branch leaf of Ceratolejeunea [f1032, 
g1049, s1140]. 
V 
1118 vaginant lamina - in Fissidens, one of the two clasping laminae below the apical lamina; E 
one of the equitant laminae at base of the leaf that clasp the stem and enclose the base of — 
the leaf above it [f568, 878, s697]. 1 
1119 vaginate — sheathing [[341, 342, g879, s1141]. 
1120 vaginula (pl. vaginulae) — a ring or sheath enveloping the base of the seta, derived from 
the base of the archegoni d ding stem tissue and remaining after the 
separation of the calyptra (see ochrea and epigonium) [f1033, g877, s1142]. 
1121 valve — one of the parts or partially detached flap of tissue into which the capsule of 
most liverworts ho n : : 3 
p pon dehiscence; rare in mosses (e.g. Andreaea) — 
[f1034, g570, s1143]. 
1122 venter (pl. ventri, venters) — the swollen basal portion of an archegonium, containing 
the ovum (see epigonium, calyptra) [f1038, g136, s1157]. 
1123 ventral — (of leaves) the adaxial, top, or upper surface ; (of peristome teeth) the inner 
ace; (of stems or thalli) the lower surface, next to the substrate; (opposed to dorsal) 
note: the apparent discrepancy of meaning between leaves and stem can cause confusion 
[f1037, g140, 1050, s1147]. 
1124 ventral canal cell — see canal cells [f177, g137, s204]. 
1125 von Pines branching — loosely used for any ventral branch formed well below 
M : i^ pues with a modified underleaf and usually with s collat p E 
inns Except sd : rare Acromastigum-type branch, all ventral branches in livewOT5 — 
id ercalary es [f834, g1051, $971]. ! 
iris Sagen et se apical lamina. [f565, g343, s693]. 
» — a unit of M: Arie of the inner side of a peristome tooth; jc 
2 i: Heu ang sns plate represents an outer periclinal wall of one cell ( 
trei qedde 7 à unistratose, leaf-like structure of epidermal origin, often hyaline -" 
Ei mmonly occur in two or four rows along the ventral surfact E 
