ENGLISH 49 
in complex thalloid liverworts [f318, g138, 1053, s424]. 
1128 ventricose — bulging on one side below (like a stomach) [f1039, g-, s1148]. 
1129 vermicular — worm-shaped; long, narrow and somewhat wavy, commonly with rounded 
ends; usually applied to cells [f1040, g1094, s1149]. 
1130 verrucose — cvenmd iren small wart-like elevations [f1042, g1084, s1150]. 
1131 verruculose larly roughened [f1042, g327, s1151]. 
1132 verticillate — Piiee [f1044, g817, 1090, s1153]. 
1133 vesicular —- composed of blisters [f1045, g152, s1154]. 
1134 vesiculose -- inflated, bladderlike [f1046, g152, $1155]. 
1135 viatical —- growing by roadsides or paths [f1116, g-apx, s1156]. 
1136 villus (pl. villi) —- long, weak hair; applied to some paraphyllia [f1047, g1119, s1146]. 
1137 vitta (pl. vittae) —- a band or ribbon; in liverworts the longitudinal stripe of longer, often 
thicker-walled cells in a leaf lamina resembling a nerve but only one cell layer thick; e.g., 
Herbertus (cf. costa) [f1048, g1073, s1158]. 
1138 vittate — longitudinally striped [f1117, g363, s1159]. 
1139 voucher — a specimen preserved from nature to serve for future reference, especially for 
comparative evidence in experimental and chemical studies [f320, g145, s1092]. 
W 
1140 wart —- a small elevation or protuberance (cf. papillae) [f1041, g1083, $1152]. 
1141 water sac — an inflated or inrolled lobule or leaf part, usually filled with water; e.g., 
Frullania [f883, g1085, s1024]. 
1142 wedge-shaped — see cuneate [(255, g558, s307]. 
1143 weft — a loosely interwoven, often ascending growth form; e.g., Thuidium [f977, g332, 
s1106]. 
1144 whorled - arranged in a ring or circle [f1044, g1090, s1153]. 
1145 widespreading — spreading at a wide angle, but less than 90? (cf. spreading, patent, 
squarrose) [f1118, g1087, s494]. 
1146 wing — a thin, flat membranous expansion or appendage such as the margin of a spore; 
the keel of a perianth or folded leaf, or loosely applied to the lamina of a thallus or basal 
angles of leaves; i.e. alar cell region [f24, g340, s35]. 
X 
1147 x — the presumed ancestral, or basic, gametophyte ch nber of a taxon (cf. 
n) [f1049, g1095, s1160]. 
1148 xeric — very dry; referring to habitat [f1050, g1096, s1161]. 
1149 xeromorphic — adapted for dryness [f1051, g1097, s1165]. 
1150 xerophilous -- growing in arid places [f1052, g1098, s1163]. 
1151 xerophyte -- plant of arid places; (adj. xerophytic) [f1053, g1099, s1164]. 
