108 INSECTS NOXIOUS TO AGRICULTURE. 
covered with thin meal ; during gestation stationary, enclosed in 
a thick mass of white cotton. Antenne of eleven joints, taper- 
ing to the tip; the joints all nearly equal, and bearing several 
hairs. Fect black, short, strong ; all the pairs placed somewhat 
forward ; digitules absent, a short seta at the base of the claw ; 
on the inner edge of the tibia and tarsus a fringe of strong 
hairs ; on the trochanter a long hair. Rostrum and mentum 
absent ; mouth represented by a minute orifice between the 
second pair of feet. Eyes very minute, tubercular, projecting, 
placed behind the antenne. Anal tubercles absent; anogenital 
opening small, elliptical, simple, hairless. Body flattish beneath, 
more convex above ; segments distinct, generally smooth, some- 
times bearing hard projecting callosities. Skin covered with 
minute hairs interspersed with circular spmnerets. 
Female of second stage deep-red in colour, nearly globular, 
very indistinctly segmented; stationary, enclosed in a thick, 
hard solid test of yellow wax; tests attaining sometimes the 
size of a large pea; enclosed insect averaging +4in. in length. 
Insect fillmg the test; skin smooth, very thin; general appear- 
ance like a hard, round, smooth ball. Anal tubercles absent ; 
anogenital ring small, simple, hairless: from this ring springs 
often a tuft of short white cotton, and a long white cottony 
seta protruding through an orifice in the test. Rostrum and 
mentum present, very small; mentum triarticulate, with a few 
hairs at the tip. Antenne very short, of eight joints, conical, 
tapering to the tip, hairy. Feet atrophied, bloated-looking, 
apparently only consisting of a very short femur, tibia, and tarsus ; 
digitules two, very small. Skin covered with a great number 
of circular spinnerets of two sizes, the larger ones simple, the 
smaller multilocular. Trachez very large ; spiracular orifices 
containing brown tubes with beaded extremities on the inner 
end. Anal extremity dark-brown, the anal ring in the centre ; 
spimnerets here very numerous, converging towards the anus. 
Insect in this stage emitting a strong, persistent, and fetid 
odour. 
Young larva brick-red, clongated, active, naked ; length, 
about ;4in. Antenne of six joints, hairy ; last joint the largest, 
clavate. Eyes and fect as in adult, but there is no fringe on the 
tibia and tarsus. Rostrum and mentum large, conspicuous. 
Skin covered with circular spimnerets and minute hairs; the 
spimnerets are most numerous on the abdomen. Anogenital 
