42, 
i perfect knight : and, in this cale, the 
high and facred oath; which they took on 
being dubbed knights, amidit the pomp 
of many religious ceremonies, ferved to 
confer a fuperior fanftity on themfelves.. 
Brfore théir admiffion to the illuftrious’ 
order of knighthood, they fwore at the 
altar—always to fpeak the truth, and 
maintain the right; to proteét religion, 
its minifters, and temples; to affert the 
caufe of the weak and helplets, of the 
widow and orphans; to be the guardians 
of chafe women, and their good name 5 
and alfo to perfecute Infidels. This oath 
was an enitome of the morality of knight- 
hood, the foundation of the facred refpeét 
paid to a knight’s word and truth; the 
fountain of his courtefy and gentle de- 
rieanour. To preferve his. own honour 
unfpotted, no complete knight permitted 
himfelf.to be guilty of any injullice at 
hamne, as the umpire of his equals, and the 
judge of his vaffals; cr to commit any 
action in the field that was inconfiftent 
with the laws and praétice ef war. On 
their return from the field, each gave a 
faithful and accurate account, for the in- 
formation of heralds and framers. of 
efcutcheons, of whatever had happened, 
the fate of the fortunate as well as the un- 
fortunate; the feats of the valiant, and 
the fight of the coward: they concealed 
nothing from pofterity, that could ferve to 
inflame their courage, or to give them 
confidence in fimiilar adventures. Hence, 
honcur and a love of truth, hamanity 
aad gentlenefs, thot forth amidit the fierce- 
pnefs, valour, and daunticfs heroifm of the 
age, and produced that ttrauge mixture of 
charaéter which was peculiar to chivaliy. 
The PORTER BREWERY. 
The wholefome and excellent beverage 
of porter obtained its name about the year 
1730, from the following circumitances, 
which not having yet been printed, we 
think them proper to be recorded in this 
work :——-Pricr to the above-mentioned pe- 
riod ,the malt-liquors injeeneral ufe were ale, 
beer, and tavopenny ; and it was cultoma- 
ry for the drinkers of malt-liquor to call 
for a pint ov tankard of half-and-half, 
i. €. a half of ale and half of beer, a half 
of ale and half of twopenny, or a half of 
beer and half of twepenny. In courfe.of 
time, it 2lfo became the practice to call 
for a pint or tankard of fhree-threads, 
meaning a third of ale, been, and two- 
penny ; and thus the publican had the 
troudie te go to three cafks, and turn 
three cocks, for a pint of liquor. To 
aveid this trouble and wafte, a brewer, of 
the mame of Hag woop, conceived the 
: From the Port Folio of a Man of Letters. 
: [Reba 
idea of making a liquor, which thould 
partake of the united flavours of ale, Be ‘| 
and twopexny. He did fo, and fucceeded, 
calling it entire or entire butt, meaning 
that it was drawn entirely trom one cafk 
or butt ;and as it was a very hearty nou- 
rifhing liquor, it was very fuitable for 
p-rters, and other working people. Heate 
it obtained’ its name of porter.” if 
Mr. Whitbread’s brewery in Chifwell- 
ftreet, near Moorfields, is the greateft in 
London. ‘The commodity produced in 
it is alfo efteemed to be of the beft qua- 
lity of any brewed in the metropolis. 
‘The’quantity of porter brewed in the year 
in this houle is generally about 200,000 
. barrels. 
. GALILEO. 
The following is a corre& Tranflation 
of the celebrated Sentence pafled upon Ga- 
lilea, the forerunner of Newton: it never 
appeared in Englith, except in a provine 
cial new{paper, a few years fince. 
‘© We, Gafpar, of the title of Holy 
Crofs of Jeruialem, Borgia, brother Felix 
Certinus, of the title of St; Anaftatia, 
furnamed of Afculum, 
-Guidus, of the title of St. Mary of 
the People, Bentivolus, brother Defiderius 
Scaglia, of the title of Sc. Charles, fur- 
named of Cremona. 
Brother Antonius Barbarinus, furnamed 
of St. Onuphrius, Landivius Zacchia, of 
the title of St.Peter in Vinculis, farnamed 
ot St. Sixtus. 
Berlingerius, of the title of St. Auguf- 
tin. Gypotius. 
Fabricius of St. Lawrence. 
Francis of St. Lawrence. 
Martin, of the new St. Mary and Gine- 
this, Deacons, by the merey of God, Car- 
dinals of the Holy Roman Catholic 
Church, and {pecially deputed by the Ho- 
ly Apoftolical See as Inquifitors General 
againft Heretical Perverfenefs throughout 
the whole Chriftian commonwealth. 
Whiereas you, Galileo, fon of the late 
Vincent Galileo, of Florence, being feven- 
ty years of age, had a charge brought 
againf{ you, in the year 1615, in this 
Holy Office, that you heid as true an er- 
roneous opinion held by many, namely, 
That the Sun is in the Centre of the 
World, and immoveable, and .that the 
Earth moves even with a Diurnal Mo- 
tion: alfo, that you had certain fcholars 
into whom you inftilled the fame doétrine: 
alfo, that you maintained a correfpondence _ 
on this point with certain mathematicians 
of Germany: alfo, that you publifhed 
certain Epiftles, treating of the Solar 
Spots, in which you explained the fare 
, doctsine 
i 
? 
