116 
could the déep water we have: mentioned 
be by any means'pafled over, it might be 
explored much farther than has ever hi- 
therto been done. A little below the cas 
vern is a place in the rock exaftly im the 
form of a large caldron, mealuring fix 
yards in depth and three in diameter, into 
which the water that flowg out of the 
eave empties itielf. AY 
The moit eminent. perfon to whom this 
parith is known to have given birth was 
Dr. Thomas Smith, Biihop of Cariifle, 
whom we have had occafion to mention 
once or twice before. He was educated 
at the free grammar-{chool at Appleby, 
from whence he was fent to Queen’s Co!- 
lege in Oxford, where he afterwards ob- 
rained a iellowfhip, and became a very 
eminent tutor.. During the time of Crom- 
well’s- uitrpation, Mr. Smith appears to 
haye fuffered in. common with others re- 
markable for loyalry. 
ftoration of King Charles, he obtained 
much preferment in’ the church, and was 
finally appointed to the fee of Carlifle. 
Bihhop Smith is faid. to have expended 
above five thoufand pounds in public be- 
nefastions. He died at Rofe Caftle, 
April 12, 1702, in the feventy- eighth year 
of his age. . 
The bridge is a very bad one, and the 
roads are wretched beyond «defcription. 
The road leading from Orton to K irkby- 
fiephen, can alone be pronounced in any’ 
degree tolerable ; and yet, on account of 
the limeftone, which abounds fo plentiful- 
ly in almoft every part of the parifh, good’ 
yoads might be made at a very inconfale- 
rable expence. In 1760, the, ftatute ‘la- 
our was converted into money,-and fix- 
pence in the pound, according to. the an- 
cient valuation of the book of rates, is 
paid yearly out of all landed property, as 
a modus or préefeription for the making 
and repairing of roads. ‘This fom, which 
amounts to little more than twenty-fve 
foillings per annum, might probably be 
{ufficient for keeping the roads in repair, 
but is certainly inadequate for both pur- 
ofes. 
Fhe following isa coniputation of the 
pumber of horfes, cattle, &c. in the parifh, 
with their value annexed at a moderate 
gate, 3 : 
So Horfes, at r2l.each 
- 96o0l. 
534 Cows,, — s1l.—— 58741. 
4600 Sheep, — 1).—-~ 4600]. 
' Zo Swine, — 4l.—— 3201. 
Total value 18,7541. 
| Jn the river, below the village of Great 
Account of Afoy in Wejtmorelanit. 
Bat upon the re-- 
i 
[March 3 
Afby, are very good trouts; and, in’ the 
higher. parts of the parifh, the dotterels; 
biscs of pafiage, alicht about the begin. 
ning of April, where they continue three 
or four weeks; remove from hence proba= 
bly to’ fome higher mountains, and re-vifit 
this parith about the beginning of Augutt, 
where: they remain again about the fame 
fpace of time, and then fly off, and are 
not teen till the April tollowing. . 
© Here isa’ very ancient’mill, at which 
mahy of the farmers were formerly oblig- 
ed to have their corn. ground ; but this, 
with other fervices, has been abolithed. 
The greateft improvement’ shat could’ 
be added to this parifywould probably be 
the inclofing and cultivating the commons’ 
and wafte lands which at prefent it con- ~ 
tains. It is in contemplation to enclofe 
that part of the common called Afby- 
mafk, confifting of about thirteen er four- 
teen hundred acres of ground, which may 
be eafily converted into excellent arable 
land; and, it is to be hoped, that the 
principal landholders will fee the proprie-" 
ty of fuch an inclofure, which, though at- 
tended by fome unavoidabie expences, muft 
ultimately tend to their advantage. 
To the Editor of ihe Monthly Magazine. 
SIR, ae 
ba OUR Correfpendent A. R. who in- 
JL quires after the author? of §* Pro~ 
fpects of Mankind,” &c. anda “ Differta- 
tion on the Numbers of Mankind,” and 
whom he juftly conceives to have been the 
author of the firft fuggeftions of all that 
is thought to be new in a Jate Effay on 
Population, printed for’ Johnfon; and 
alfo of whatever is efleemed new on thofe - 
fubje&ts in Godwin’s Political Juftice ; is. 
informed, that that author’s name was 
Wallace; that he was one of the minifters 
of Edinburgh, contemporary with Hume 
and. Robertfon ; that he was intimately 
acquainted with thefe eminent writers 5 
and that Dr. Wallace is named; in Pro- 
feflor Stewart's Life of Robertfon, lately 
preftnted to the public, im terms highly 
honourable te his memory. He is, by 
Dr. Stewart, mentioned as one of the Jead- 
ing members of the Rankenian Club, 
which embraced all the firft literary cha- 
reéters in Edinburgh at that time, and 
has been fo much celebrated for its influ- 
ence in the promotion of literature and 
fcience in that metropolis. The Life of 
Dr. Wallace was not eventful, but Dr. 
Stewart, and others now in Edinburgh, 
are very able to furnifh interefting matter 
concerning him. = ~~ T. BURNS. 
Glafgow, Dec. 27, 1801, 3 ¥ 
A go Oo Cle 
