~ 
s 
368. 
Mr. RusHer, of Banbury, will foon 
make public his Improvements in Typo- 
graphy. Thefe improvements are de- 
{cribed as likely to render printing more 
uniform and beautiful. The type will 
occupy lefs fpace, without being lefs le- 
gible, and will be particularly advantage- 
ous in thofe cafes where it is defirable to 
combine economy with a full-faced letter. 
It is calculated that the expence of printed 
books wall, by the new mode, be diminith- 
ed one-fourth. 
The intereft excited from the impor- 
tance of the United States to Europe gene- 
rally cannot fail of rendering every thing 
that may add to a more perfect acquain- 
tance with them a defirable object. We 
therefore embrace an opportunity of an- 
no:ncing to our readers of works on this 
fubject, now in the prefs—A fhort View of 
the Adminifirations ia ibe- Government of 
America under ihe former Prefidents, the 
tate General Wajbington and Fobn Adams ; 
and of the prejent Adminifiration under 
Thomas Fefferjon: with curfory Obferva- 
zions on the prefent State of the Revenue, 
Commerce, Manufactures, and Population 
of the United States. 
Mr. Hey, fenicr-furgeon to the Gene- 
ral Infirmary at Leeds, has now in the 
prefs a volume of Obfervations in the 
Practice of Surgery, illuftrated by Cafes. 
The difficulty of precuring flates or’ 
eventiles,in many parts, and theincunveni- 
ence, as well as general expence, of thatch- 
ing with ftraw, renders it important to 
be generally known, that 37/ax, in its green 
ftate, immediately after the feed has been 
taken from it, forms an excellent covering 
for houfes, to be furpafled by few others. 
It faould be put on in a new ftate, and 
fewed together with a cord well impreg- 
nated with tar. Ina fhort time, it will 
throw out a glutinous matter, make the 
contiguous ftalks adhere to each other, 
and ferm a folid body, impervious to the 
_ elements ; neither fun, wind, nor rain hav- 
ing the power to affect it. | 
Mr. Harcuet has difcovered a new 
metal, or at Jeaft an acidifiable oxyd, in 
the analyfis of a mineral from North Ame- 
rica. It promifes to bea ufeful difcovery 
as it affords orange and green coloured pre- 
cipitates of great beauty and pérmanence. 
Mr. Hatchet propoles to call it Coium- 
bium. In external appearance this mine- 
ral refembles chromate of iron. 
FRANCE, 
The water in Paris, and many parts of 
France, is intolerably turbid and foul; 
the following is a method adopted to filter 
it in large quantities:—In confiructing a 
well of five feet diameter, the excavation | 
Literary and Philofophical Intelligence, 
[May qT; 
ought to be from 12 fo 15 feet. ~ A falfe 
well 1s made, 10 or twelve feet in diame- 
ter ; in the middle of this the real well is 
conftruéted in fuch 2 manner, that the 
water may filter through ‘the interftices 
left between the ftones which form the 
outfide of the inner well; the falfe well is 
then filled with fand and pebbles, fo that 
the water muft firft filter through them 
before it reaches the real well. ‘This me- 
thod has been found to produce great 
plenty of water, perfeétily clear and free 
from all extraneous matters. 
A new and fimple method of preparing 
radical vinegar, or acetic acid, has been 
given inthe Auuales des Arts et Manujac- 
tures, which is as follows:—Take any 
quantity of white vinegar, concentrated. 
by the froft, and pour to it half as much 
concentrated fulphuric acid ; then diftill 
the mixture in a fand bath till the vapours 
of the fulphurous acid begin to appear, 
when a light and ftrong-fcented liquid is 
obtained, which, however, requires to un- 
dergo a fecond diftillation before it is the 
real acetic acid. It has not yet been af- 
certained, whether the expence incurred 
be greater or lefs by this, than by the © 
common method of obtaining radical vi- 
negar, in which the acetite of copper is 
ufed. But it is certain, that acetic acid 
obtained by the new method may be ufed 
without the apprehenfions excited by that 
fold commonly inthe fhops. The French 
chemift warns the ladies, who ule it asa 
luxury, to reflect, that, when refpiring its 
odour, they introduce into their lungs 
more or lefs copper, one of the moft pow- 
erful poifons ; at the fame time he urges 
them to difcountenance the former procefs, 
in order to introduce the acid made by 
himéfelf. 
A fociety in Paris, called the Objerwers 
of Man, have given the following prize- 
fubject for the year 12—‘¢ To determine 
by general and particular obfervations 
what influence different profefions have 
upon the character of thofe who exercife 
them.”” The prize will confift of an ap- 
propriate medal in bronze, and 400 francs 
in money. : 
The following is an, accurate lift of the 
French political new{papers and* literary 
journals,’ which are read, at prefent, in 
Paris, and may be found every day in the 
principal reading-room of that metropolis, 
the Cabinet de Ledture, in the Palais 
Royal. » gas 
Political Papers. 
Clef du Cabinet des Souverains—Citoyen 
Francais—Cuurier des Snectacles—Deienteur 
de la Patrie—Gazette de France—Journal 
ces Campagnes—=Journal de Commerce— 
: . Journal 
es ae 
. 
