. 
1802. | 
M. Tirttusy late profeffor of the fame 
univerfity, has alfo bequeathed to that 
library, upwards of 2000 volumes, on 
Mathematics, Natural Philofophy, Che- 
miftry, Materia Medica, Natural Hiftory, 
in all its branches, Anatomy, &c. 
P, Mayer, at Grazen, in Bohemia, 
has difcovered a method, formerly known, 
of making large tables of ‘red glafs, for 
which he has been rewarded by the Em. 
peror with a gold medal. 
Dr. ScHRADER, one of the moft cele- 
brated botanifts of Germany, is pub- 
ifhing at Gottingen a Journal appro- 
priated to the mo(t important difco- 
veries in the {cience of vegetables, This 
journal, written in German and Latin, ap- 
pears every three months. Each number 
or volume confifts of about 450 pages, 
x2mo.and contains three plates, which ex- 
hibit a number of figures. Dr. Schrader 
divides each number into four parts. In 
the firft he publifhes the memoirs which 
are addreffed to him; in the fecond, he 
gives an extract of the new works; the 
third part includes the moft important dif- 
coveries and obfervations in the fcience; 
and the fourth prefents whatever is moft 
interefting in the correfpondence which 
the author maintains with the literati of 
Europe. Although all the parts of bo- 
tany are cultivated with the moft brilliant 
fuccefs in the North of Europe, neverthe- 
lefs the ftudy of cryptogamy, that is to 
fay, of the plants the fexual organs of 
which are difficult to .difcover, appears 
particularly to occupy the attention of the 
learned of thofe countries. It is to them 
we are indebted for the lights which have 
* been diffufed on this part of botany. The 
labours of HEpwic, HorrMAN, SCHRA- 
DER, HumMBoLD, PERSOON, FLUGGE, 
STROMEYER, &c. have difpelled the ob- 
{curity with which the nature and the re- 
production of moffes and mufhrooms 
were environed. The Journal here an- 
nounced, and of which fix numbers have 
already appeared, exhibiting, as f{peedily 
as poflible, new difcoveries and obferva- 
tions in all the parts.of botany, cannot fail 
to, be acceptable to all thofe who are inte- 
refted in the progrefs of f{cience, 
ITALY. 
Dr. CARRADORI conceives, that from 
-@ great variety of experiments and obfer- 
vations, made for the fake of determining 
the influence of oxygen on germination, 
he has eftablithed thefe two eflential fa&ts, 
which had not been noticed before. Oxy- 
gen is neceflary to the grand procefs of 
Literary and Philofopbical Intelligence. 
37% 
germination, but, in order to «ive the 
impulfe or principle of this germination, 
the immediate contact of the air is not 
neceffary, but it is indifpenfable to its 
continuation of progrefs, fince the germen 
already animated, or. the {mall plant, can 
neither grow nor vegetate, unlefs it be in 
a ftate to enjoy the immediate influence of 
this vital fluid. After their infancy, the 
plants no longer require oxygen, in order 
to profper, but a mephitic air, becaule in 
this they find their principal nourifhment, 
thus oxygen is but of very limited utility 
to vegetation. 
RUSSIA. 
The prefent Emperor of Ruffia has 
paid great attention, and fhewn the moft 
lively intereft, in the experiments on Gal- 
vanifm, which were: exhibited in his pre- 
fence by Count pe Musstn PuSCHKIN, 
in December laft, at the feat of Count pe 
STROGANOW. 
DENMARK. 
In the Medico-chirurgical Journal, pub- 
lifhed at Copenhagen, by. Dr. Pops, 
a late number opens with a declaration 
by the Faculty of Medicine, purporting 
that a foetus of 199 days’ conception is 
fufceptible of parturition, but without 
having all the fymptoms of a perfect con- 
formation, or being in a ftate to prolong 
its exiftence. In the fame work appears a 
letter from a_phyfician of Iceland to the 
Faculty, in which he gives an account of 
the principal maladies which prevailed in 
that ifland in the courfe of the year 1799 5 
we learn moreover from this, that there is 
no difeafe peculiar to the country. 
SWEDEN. 
It is confidered asa circumftance rather 
fingular, that there fhould ‘be fo few pub- 
lic journals in fuch a capital as Stock- 
holm. There are, it appears, but two: — 
one publifhed by M. SILVERSTROM every 
month, and which is entirely filled with 
extracts from German romances; the 
other by M. Repin, which is’ only read 
by medical men. One great obftacle im 
the way of this {pecies of literary enter- 
prize is, that there is no regular poft efta- 
blithed in Sweden. 
; AMERICA. 
It is well-known, that in Egypt, India, 
and the hotter parts of America that 
abound with poifonous ferpents, there are 
certain individuals, who, poffefs the power 
of entirely difarming thefe formidable ani- 
mals, and.are able to handle them with 
perfect impunity at the very time that 
any other perlon, approaching them in- 
' cautioully, 
7 
