484 . 
Pflichten, aus dem Lateinifchen des Cicero 
uberfetzt, 2 vols, 1801, 12s. 
Kanfch, Geift und. Kritik der Medizinifchen 
und Chiarichengaiteien Deutcliands, 
Vierten Jahres zweiter band, 6s. 
Efchenburgs Handbuch der ClaffifchenLi- 
teratur, 1801, 11s. 
Une Année Memorable de Ja Vie D’Au- 
guit de Kotzebue, 2 vols. 1802. 
"EC es miawtac ew: 
Proceedings of Learned:-Societies. 
{June 4,-. - 
- Mémoires pour fervir 2 PHiftoire de Sophie 
Charlotte Reine de Pruffe, par Erman, 1801,° 
7s. 6ds 
Sexie Europage Iconibus et Defcriptioni-- - 
bus illuftrate, AuCtore, J.-H. Lafpeyres,° 
1301, 8s. 6d. 
Euripidis Hecuba; illuftravit Ammon, gs. 
Anacreontis Carmina, recenfuit Degen, 3s. 
Schiller’s Jungfrau von Orleans, 1802. 
NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF 
FRANCE. 
PUBLIC SITTING. of the 11th VENDE- 
MIAIRE, YEAR 10. 
ITIZEN PRONY has given an Ac- 
count of the Obfervations made on 
Perpendiculars or Plumb-lines, eftablifhed 
in the dome of the Pantheon, the objec 
of which is to fhew whether any finking 
(Saffement) has taken place in that edi- 
fice. It refults from this report, that we 
may reft fecure as to the prefent ftate of 
this edifice. 
Citizen GrBELIN has read a Memoir on 
Mofaic, in which he treats of the Mofaici/?, 
lately arrived from Italy at Paris, under 
the aufpices of government, and who 
propofes to eftablifl a manufactory of 
Molaic, and to form pupils. ; 
Afterwards a diftribution was made of 
the grand prizes to the pupils of painting, 
of fculpture, and of architecture. 
Citizen Cuvier has read an Hiftorical 
Notice on Henri-Frangois Gilbert, lately 
dead in Spain, and Member of the Na- 
tional Inftitute of France, and Profeffor 
and Adjunct-direétor cf the Veterinary 
School of Alfort. 
Citizen LeGouve recited the Procla- 
mation of the Prize of Poetry, decreed to 
Citizen Massun. 
Notice of the Labours of the Clafs of Ma- 
thematical and Phyfical Sciences, during 
the laf? Quarterly Sitting of the Year 9. 
Mathematical Part by Citizen Delambre. 
Memoir of che Equilibrium of Vaults, 
by Citizen Bossur. 
The arches of which a vault is com- 
pofed, fupporting one another, ferve as a 
snutual counterbalance, and remain fuf- 
pended without the help of any inferior 
prop, their whole effort directing itfelf 
towards the mafonry-work on the uprights 
or pillars which uphold the vault, as if it 
formed a fingle contiguous body. 
, 
Tt is not fufficient, to fecure the durabi- - 
lity of a vault, that.all its arches be in 
equilibrio ; there is a further neceflity that 
the uprights (pieds droits) on which it 
bears, oppofe a fufficient refiftance to the 
efforts which it makes to overfet or to 
crufh them. 
The enquiry into the proper means to 
prevent the fubverfion, conftitutes what is 
\ 
called the problem of the projecting force — 
of vaults. Many geometers of the lat 
century were already employed on it; but 
they had entirely neglected the problem, 
which would have for obje&t the meams of ~ 
preventing the fubverfion. 
SouFFLET, to make trial of therefift- — 
ance of which different ftones are fulcep- 
tible, ftruck out the idea of a machine 
which has fince been brought to perfec- : 
tion by Citizen RONDELET. 
The ancients had no very certain geo- 
metrical principles, to fecure the folidity” 
of their buildings: at leaft, we find no 
. 
i 
trace of them in the works of Vitruvius; — 
neither do we find any thing relative to 
the cutting of ftones, nor to that of wood; 
from which Citizen Boffut is mduced to 
fuppofe, that the architects, folely occu- 
pied with decoration, and with the exte- 
rior form, left to ffone-cutters the invefti- - 
gation of the means of conftru€tion, and 
of folidity, in which they have unfortu- 
nately had but too many imitators among 
the moderns. 
La Hires, the firf, at leaft in France, 
determined, by the theory of the angle 
(coin), the proportion according to which 
the weight of the arches, in a femi-circu- 
lar vault, fhould be augmented. 
‘ PargeNT, in 1704, ‘determined by 
points, the figure of the extrados of a 
vault, the intrados of which is a femi- 
circle. He alfo determined the projeiing: 
2 
4 
2) 
j 
: 
: 
| 
: 
: 
tendency of fuch a yault upon its up- 
rights. 
JacQuesand JEAN =) 
cens and Lzeisnitz, having relolved the- 
. eg de problem 
j 
BernouLul, Hu- © 
} 
: 
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