1801. ] 
confit of meadow ; and there& which is 
not in tillage, of pafture-land. They 
generally reckon, that to pafture a cow 
five or fix months will make her very good 
beef, and fufficiently fat for the market ; 
and in fome inftances not fo much time 
is allowed. Twenty yards of well got hay 
are alfo deemed fully .competent for a like 
purpofe, during the winter feafon : nor is 
corn or any thing elfe made ufe of in 
feeding cattle. The great price which 
fat cattle have fetched of late,’ has 
made the bufinefs of a grazier very lucra- 
_ tive, as fome of thofe fed here have been 
“fold for upwards of thirty guineas each. 
In inftances-however of this kind, the 
timé required for fattening was generally 
much longer than is mentioned above ; 
and acow bought into the paftures_ for 
nine or ten pounds, is, after having re- 
mained there five or fix months, ufually 
eftimated at eighteen or nineteen pounds. 
Sheep are commonly fuppofed to be fold 
from ten to fixteen fhillings in advance, 
after pafturing. The number of fheep 
pattured here, does not probably exceed 
five hundred. They are denominated, from 
the great length of their wool, the long 
Scotch fheep, in contradiftinétion to the 
Cheviot-hill breed, the wool of which, 
though finerj:is of a fhorter nature.: Itis 
computed that four fleeces of thofe fheep 
will makeaftone, and the ftone fells for nine 
fhillings and fixpence. When the theep-are 
fat, they weigh from ten to fourteen Ibs. 
per quarter. Very good mutton is alfo 
fometimes killed off the common. Ra- 
venftonedale, from its fine meadow and paf- 
ture-ground, is alfo noted for the excellent 
butter and. cheefe it produces. Much of 
this butter is carried into the counties of 
Yorkfhire and Lancafhire, and fome of it 
Account of M. Oefer. $1 
into Northumberland. Butter is therefore 
the cheapeft article fold here. For fome 
time paft however, on account of the high 
prices of provifions, the profits of the 
dairy have been likewife very great, and 
the value of land has thereby ‘much ad- 
vanced. It may be faid with certainty 
and propriety, that the rents and advan 
tages arifing from farming and the cultiva- 
tion of land, are in a great meafure ob- 
tained from the quantity and excellency of 
the butter and cheefe which this parifh 
produces. In moft countries they wath 
their butter with water, but here they do 
not ; andneverthelefs, greater neatnefs and 
{kill cannot be exhibited,nor butterofa more 
excellent tafte and flavourbe obtained. The 
land inthis parifh pays notithes; thelandhol- 
ders having purchafed them of the then 
lord of the manor, a predeceflor of the 
prefent Earl of Lonfdale. ‘¢ In Raven- 
ftonedale,”’ fays Mr. Houfman, ** where 
no tithes are paid, there are between 2000 
and 3000 acrés inclofed, four-fifths of 
which.are let at the rate of four thillings 
to eleven fhillings the acre, and the res 
mainder at from twenty fhillings to forty 
fhillings.*’ But this is certainly a miftake + 
the land lets iz general fur between thirty 
and forty thillings per acre, and fome of it 
for more. \ The laft year, fome eftates were 
let to farm at more than forty.-five fhillings 
per acre. The lands are feldom leafed for 
a longer term than fix years; and general- 
ly the leafes are much fhorter.. “This un- 
doubtedly prevents all ideas of improve- 
ment, and the farmer, unlefs fome agree- 
ment be previoufly made to the contrary, 
cannot’ be expeéted* to advance the condi-« 
tion of the land he occupies. 
(Tobe continued. ) 
MEMOIRS OF EMINENT PERSONS, 
ere 
ACCOUNT Of M. OESER, PROFESSOR 
of PAINTING, and DIRECTOR of the 
ELECTORAL ACADEMY of PAINTING 
at LEIPZIG, iz SAXONY. 
OESER, was born at Pref- 
e burg, intHungary,in1717. He 
was deftined to be a confeétioner, but he 
never could find any relifh in this {weet 
occupation. ©His firft mafter in the arts 
- was called Kamauf, who tormented him 
very much by employing him to copy 
prints, treated him often with boxes on the 
ear when he wifhed to follow his own 
" ideas, and caufed him thereby to run 
away from his apprenticefhip. Oe/er 
eften related, in a humorous manner, 
the pedantry of the old man, and his owg 
youthful tricks. At Vienna, where he 
properly got his firft inftru&tion in the 
arts, he lived with an old good-natured 
uncle, with whom the young, {prightly, 
and ingenious nephew might do what- 
ever he pleafed. ‘There he acquired by 
his productions, not only the elteem and 
friendfhip of the then living artifts of 
diftinétion, particularly of the DireCtor 
Von Scupen and of M. Meytanz, but 
likewife the favour and affeétion of many 
great men. The youth who, together 
with the greateft livelinefs, was*pofleffed 
of much amiable modefty, was quite fur- 
prifed, when his Sacrifice of dbrahanz 
WOR . 
