e256 
for this purpofe, it is only requifite to ap- 
pear at the Senate-houfe on a public-day, 
and then take the oaths to the city ; a per- 
fon then becomes a citizen of Hamburg 
without any further trouble, except that of _ 
paying the fees, which amount to about 
zoo current marks (i. e. 15]. flerling). It 
is abfolutely neceflary that a perfon who 
Intends to trade fhould become a cifizen, 
as he cannot carry on any bafnefs in his 
own name (except for a fhort time) till he 
be fuch. On’ a burgher’s quitting Ham- 
burg, he is obliged to leave one-tenth of 
his property in the city. Great numbers. 
of adventurers, both Scotch and Englith, 
are daily made burghers of this city ; and 
it is not being too fevere to fay, that, with 
Some few exceptions, they do little credit to 
the countries which claim their nativity. 
Hamburg fwarms with Jews, particularly 
the New Town ; inthe Old Town, their 
xefidence is generally in or about the 
Drinkwall firefsee and the Altexaall- 
fivafse. The character generally attributed 
to the Jews in other'countries, that of low 
cunning, is not particularly confined to: 
this race of people here—I doubt whether 
moft of the Hamburgers do not poffefs 
every characteriftic attributed (often erro- 
neoufly) to the perfecuted Jew, without 
having, like him, the plea of neceffity to 
urge in their excufe, and without his inof- 
fenfivenefs of manners to paliiate their 
eondudt. 
The police of this city is good; anda 
robbery attended with any atrocities is 
feldom heard of. The fyfteni of efpzon- 
age is here carried to a greatextent; but, 
on this fubjeét, perhaps the lefs that is faid 
the better! Four newfpapers are publith- 
ed daily, the principal of which are the 
Hamburg Corre{pondenten, and the Gaxetie 
d Hambure ; but none of them, except the 
former, can be depended on for authenti. 
city of intelligence. There is a public- 
library here, called the ‘Harmenie, on an 
extenfive fcale ; but literature meets with 
little encouragement.: IF had almoft forgot 
to mention, as itis fo commen that it does 
not ftrike the attention of a perfon accuf- 
tomed to German manners, that high and 
low, rich and poor, in every city, town, 
and village, are always fmoking: the pipe 
is hardly ever out of their mouth, except 
when they are afleep; they {cmetimes 
fmoke in bed atnighr, and often before they 
rife in the moming. 
Next to commerce, the' delight of the 
Hamburgers, particularly of the higher 
clafies, is in. grand entertainments, which 
continue a long time, and at which they” 
make an oftentatious difplay of wealth and 
Sketch of a Faurney from Copenhagen to Hamburg. [Nov ly 
luxury: at thefe times, card¢playing is al- 
ways introduced: fombre and whift are the 
games generally played, at which they bet 
high, and often large fums of money are lo& 
and won ; in this they are imitated by the 
middling clafs\of merchants, who, in. all 
that is licentious, tread clofe at the heels 
of thofe above them. Since the French 
have been here, rouge et aoir tables and 
pharo banks have fhewn themielves ; but 
thefe {pecies of gambling are difcounte- 
nanced by the magiftrates. The mannérs 
of the emigrants here, many of whom are 
of the ci-devant French xoblefse; are a 
ftriking contraft to thofe of the money~ 
getting Hamburger. To conclude, in 
Hamburg there is as much fenfuality, as. 
much grofs debauchery, and as fmall a 
portion of true happinefs, as is to be found 
in any part of the world. Let the philo- 
fopher fpeculate upon this, my province is 
only to_defcribe the effects which are pro- 
duced by wealth, on men of uncultivated 
minds and uncontrolled defires. 
if it is thought that I have been harfhin 
the above Sketch of the Hamburgers, I bee 
it may be recolleéted, that I difclaim all 
perfonality im my narrative; that I have 
ipoken generally ; and, that I believe, in 
the city of Hamburg there will be found 
many exceptions to the characters which 
I have delineated. F 
After crofling the Elbe, you arrive af 
Haarburg, a {mall town in Hanover. The 
journey to Cuxhaven is performed in a 
coach or an open carriage, according to 
the inclination of the traveller*—-the dif- 
tance is feventy miles—and for a coach 
and two horfes the expence is about 30 
fpecie dollars (i. e. 7]. ros. fterling). 
The time taken in travelling (if the tra- 
veller does not fleep at an inn on the road} © 
is, in fummer, about eighteen hours ; in 
that feafon of the year, the roads are not 
very bad, though fandy. 
Ritfbuttle (Dytch Ritzenbittel) is a 
fmall town, containing about two hundred 
houfes; it is halfa mile from Cuxhaven 3 
it has acaftle, which is garrifoned by Ha- 
noverians. The port of Cuxhaven at pre- 
fent-belongs to the Englith. ‘The road 
for foot-pafiengers, from. Ritzbuttle tg 
Cuxhaven, is on a caufeway, ‘raifed about ~— 
eight feet from the carriage-road 5 being 
Ta ae A ape eS 
* Tam informed that there are now ftage- 
waggons eftablifhed on this road, which. were 
very much wanted; the charge of travelling 
ir, them is moderate. In fummer, they, are 
twenty-four hours on the journey, and ’in 
winter nearly three days, as the roads at.that 
{cation are almoft impaffable,. 
3 made 
