1802: ] 
tion is about 222,585 individuals. It is 
divided into three communal diftriéts. 
Department of Mayenne.—This is one 
of the four formed of Maine and Anjou. 
It is bounded on the north by the depart- 
ments of Orne and of the Channel; on 
the eaft, by that of Sarthe; on the fouth, 
by that of Mayenne and Loire; and on 
the weft, by that of Lower Loire. Its 
fuperficies is about 1,016,614 fquare 
acres, or 518,863 hectares ; its popula- 
tion is about 324,730 individuals. It is 
divided into three communal diftriés. 
(To be continued.) 
For the Monthly Magazine: 
STATE of ARTS, MANNERS, 
EDINBURGH avd. LEITH. 
(Continued from Page 407 of No. 80.) 
EITH, the Pireeus of Edinburgh, 
has not been hitherto mentioned in 
this Account. It was once a royal burgh; 
but the rights: of the fovereign over iit 
were, more than two hundred years fince, 
transferred for a fum of money to the 
town of Edinburgh. It lies at the diftance 
of about a mile eaft from Edinburgh, on 
the banks of a moderate ftream which has 
Se. im 
alfo the name cf Leith, at a ‘mall {pace 
between fouth and fouth-eaft from the 
fouthern bank of the Forth, and on the 
very eaftern extremity of that bank, and 
on the very beach of the fouthern. fide of 
the Frith. It confifts, as yet, chiefly of 
buildings of which a great part may. be 
not lefs than two hundred years old, and 
which are placed in an awkward, incon- 
venient arrangement. ‘The two principal 
of the old ftreets are the Kirkgate, in 
which the road from Edinburgh ends, 
and Shore-ftreet which lies along the 
fouth-fide of the harbour, The other 
ftreets run in various direstions between 
thefe, and contiguous to them, for that 
which is named South Leith, There is on 
the north fide of the river Leith, indeed, 
a good deal of irregular building, old and 
“new, which has the name of North Leith, 
as forming the northetn-divifion of the 
town, Befide the old parts of thig town; it is 
now diffufed fouthward around the fkirts of 
a pleafantand extenfive plain, LeithLinks,in 
elegant and commodious houies with gar- 
dens, warehoufes, &c. in which the prin- 
cipal merchants not living in Edinburgh 
have their refidence. The harbour has 
been lately improved and enlarged.. A 
draw-bridge over the river Leith affords 
a convenient paflage between the north and 
the fouth parts of the town, without any 
ftraitening of the limits of the dock and 
harbour. On all fides, the buildings con- 
State of Arts, Manners, &S¢.in Edinburgh and Leith. 499 
tinue to be rapidly extended. On the 
bank of the Forth, North Leith isin a 
progrefs of being continued to. join the 
fifhing- village ot Newhaven, another depen- 
cency of the town of Edinburgh. On the 
two fides of the walk and catriage-road 
between Edinburgh and South Leith, is 
gradually formed a ftreet of villas with 
gardens, eftablifhments of manufacture, 
and other handitome and commodious 
dwelling-houfes, which is likely to be very 
foon complete; and when complete will, 
probably, be one of the bufiett and mot 
interefting of all the ftreets which belong 
to thefe towns. On all fides, for the {pace 
of three or four miles round, the vicinity 
of Edinburgh and Leith is covered with 
villas, gardens, ornamented farms and 
hamlets, which, though they do not,»in 
fummer, equal the environs of Londen, 
in an afpect of fweet, rich, fimple and 
graceful ruftie beauty, have, however, a lefs 
naked and defolate appearance in winter. 
The population of Edinburgh and 
Leith has been varioufly eftimated.. The 
late enumerations do not raife it to the 
fum of 100,000 fouls. But I certainiy 
know thofe enumerations to have been 
made in circumftances which hindered 
them from {welling the eftimate to its jut 
amount. A part of the inhabitants cf 
Edinburgh are migratory, and live but 
half the year in the town:——thefe thould — 
have been taken at half their real number, 
but were not at all reckoned. Moft of 
the poorer families were alarmed for fome 
new taxation to be. impofed in proportion 
to their refpective numbers ;. and therefore 
reprefented thefe as {maller than they, ia 
truth, were. I-do not then hefitate to 
ftate 105,000 as the probable prefent 
number of the inhabitants of Edinburgh 
and Leith, with the fuburbs belonging to 
them, and the hamlets and villas which 
lie between them, and in their environs to 
the ditance of a mile from the exterior 
ftreets on all fides.: The proportion of: 
thofe who exceed the age of fixty years,' 
is lefs numerous here than in many other 
places in the interior parts of the ifle, and 
on its weftern coaft. The proportion of 
perfons dying between the ages of. five 
and threefcore is very confiderable. An 
extraordinary number between three-and- 
twenty and five-and-forty years; the men 
chiefly of the effeéts of venereal complaints 
and Bacchanalian excefs ;—the women by 
the difeafes incident after child-birth. 
As this is a capital inviting many young 
people into it for education and employ- 
ment, the proportion of perfons in it be- 
tween the ages of fifteen and forty is unu‘u- 
ally 
