63¢ 
dour; while the conqueft of a new 
kingdom was meditated in the court of 
Madrid, and the integrity of the penin- 
fula violated by the infurgents, Braganza 
was the project of female ambition—while 
gazettes extraordinary were ringing -all 
the changes of martial triumph, it is fin- 
gular that the eyes of the people fhould 
have been fo little dire€ted, and the pur- 
fuits of men of {cience in fo fmall a degree 
diverted by thefe objects, that not one 
ta€ticai work fhould have emanated from 
the prefs. To the obferver of the pro- 
grefs of the mind, it indicates that the 
fentiments of the court of Spain do not 
at this day wholly guide the opinions of 
the people, and that fome portion of that 
independent fpirit is revived which glow- 
ed in the breafts of the Spaniards before 
‘the adminifiration of Ximenes, at the 
commencement of the fixteenth century. 
When we {peak of the Drama in Spain, 
‘we refer to the country which firft 
burft the pedant chains by which the poet 
had been difhonoured: the ftory of the 
Loves of Rodrigo and Ximena, given by 
two diftinguifhed writers of that nation, 
diffufed over Europe an energy of compo- 
fition unattained even in the court of 
Leo X. We thall-not degrade the claffic 
-age of Spain by an unworthy comparifon 
with modern times; but we may exprefs 
eur fatisfaétion, that, in a ftate where the 
affiduity to polifh has worn away all that 
is fubftantial in female education, a lay 
has diftinguifhed herfelf as a dramatift, 
who may hold a refpeCtable rank among 
the poets of her country. 
The moft important contributions from 
the Spanifh prefs, are under the titles 
Anatomy, Chemittry, Pharmacy, Agri- 
culture, and Jurifprudence, In our laft 
Retrofpeét, it was ftated, that the vaccine- 
incculatien had been noticed from the 
_prefs, we have now the pleafure to an- 
nounce, that the practice has been adopted 
by Spain; an account of a variety of 
cafes has been publifhed, and the mode of 
performing it has been fo far fimplified, 
that the parent is fufficiently inftruéted in 
the operation, without the neceflity of 
having recourfe to medical affiftance. 
Under Agriculture, it will be feen, that 
the fyitem promoted by Mr. Arthur 
Young has drawn particular regard, 
‘which is efpecially defirable in a country 
where the new tillage can be introduced 
with fuch peculiar advantages from the 
felicity of foil and climate. Among the 
improvers of this clafs, we fee with great 
pleafure thename of the Duchefs of Alba, 
who (having under her controul the funds 
Retrofpec? of Spani/h Literature— Agriculture. 
of the moft opulent dukedom in Etirope) 
is enabled extenfively to contribute to the 
public good, j 
Jurifprudence may be defined the {ci- 
ence of what is juft and unjuft, or of the 
laws, rights, and cuftoms of man in fo- 
ciety ; many of the fubjects might be con= 
fined to mere queitions of art and locality. 
On the contrary, the publications of this 
clafs that have appeared in Spain, in ge- 
neral refpe&t the great natural relations, 
duties, and interefts of man: we are not 
fatigued with the technical and minute - 
details on the limits of jurifdi@ion, and on 
the claims, or more correétly the ufurpa- 
tions of the privileged orders; but the 
patriotic jurift, taking an enlarged view 
of human wants, and adverting to the er- 
tors of patt times, as obftruéting the 
improvements of the prefent, fuggefts thofe 
changes which will relieve his countrymen 
from corporeal and mental oppreffion; 
and one adventurous writer, fuperior to 
the ecclefiaftical and civil prohibitions on 
‘the difclofure of the public fentiment, 
regardlefs of the Cenfuras and Licencias 
cr Confejos, and Ordinarios Prefatory te 
his own work, has recommended the li- 
berty of the prefs, in imitation of the bold 
and enlightened maxims of Britifh law. 
The view we have taken of the recent 
literary tranfations of Spain, has con- 
vinced us of the domineering influence of 
French councils, and of French principles, 
in that kingdom. This will appear the 
infant we refle&, that France is the 
fourtain from which the numerous chan- 
nels of the Spanith, prefs are almoft wholly 
fupplied, and the French prefs is entirely 
under the direétion of the conftituted au- 
thorities. It was confidered an objeét of 
great moment to England, on the accef- 
fion of the Bourbons to the throne of 
Spain, that a feparation of interefts fhould 
fubfift between the crowns of that family ; 
but by the new order of things, the ex- 
pedients of Britifh policy for this purpofe 
have been completely counteryailed, and 
the maxims of the Confular court, which 
are fo loudly proclaimed in the capital, 
are diftribuied, by the medium of the 
prefs, throughout the provinces of the 
Spanifh empire. , 
If thefe changes be to that kingdom 
beneficial or injurious, and what relation 
they bear to the political and commercial 
interefts of this country, are inquiries fo~ 
reign to our prefent defign. 
AGRICULTURE. 
«* Curfo Completo 6 Diccionario Uni- 
verfal de Agricultura Teérica, Pra&ica, 
Econémica, y de Medicina Rural y Vete- 
: rinaria, 
