‘T10 
of confumptions—difeafes which were 
{carcely known to their forefathers. 
Tt is computed that the whole parifh 
contains about 25,000 acres; of which 
there are 3500 of meadow 3 300 of corn; 
gooo of pafture; and 12,200 of walte- 
Jands. As the ground is of different na- 
tures, it requires different modes of cul- 
tivation. Orton-moor, which has been 
lately inclofed, and where the foil lies on 
imeltcw, is. generally firft pared and 
burnt ; after which, at the expence of 
about forty buthels of lime per acre, a 
crop of turnips is cbtained, and it is then 
fown with oats the two following years. 
Af the fame ground be ploughed for a 
-Jonger peried of time, it will be neceflary 
to ufe more manure ;_otherwife, the land 
will become impoverifhed, and the crop 
be rendered of comparatively {mall value. 
The preceding is, in general, ‘confidered 
as the beft and moft profitable mode of 
cultivating and improving the moorifh 
foil, and, though different methods have 
been purfued, none have been found to 
anfwer fo well. The anciently inclofed 
Jand is moftly meadow-ground. In the 
production of a crop of corn, lime will 
not fucceed fo well as a manure on this 
as on the moor-earth, becaule it prevents 
the grain from ripening at an early pe~ 
viod, which is a great difadvantage in 
high and bicak fituations. ARNT 
It may be neceffary to obferve, that on 
the fouth fide of the Lune, the Jands which 
die contiguous to the river are extremely 
Jevel and fertile, and the foil, being of a 
dry and fandy nature, produces excellent 
erops of corn or grafs, without occafion- 
ing much expence inthe cultivation: But 
at fome diftance from the Lune the ground 
begins to rile towards the mountains ; and 
the land, being generally wet and {pongy, 
requires to be drained before it can be 
brought into-a ftate of improvement.* 
‘This operation being performed, and the 
foil rendered fufficiently dry, lime is then 
ufed tc advantage as a manure, efpecially 
* The mot approved method of draining 
practifed in this parith is, to cut a channel 
about two feet in depth, and fixteen inches 
in breacth, and to wall it on the fides, and 
cover it over with ftones.»: The depth and 
breadth of the conduit, however, will re- 
-guire to-be. regulated by the+-wetnefs ‘of 
the grounds and the diftance between each 
. drain. muft be- proportioned to the declivi- 
ty of the land, though, in general, the 
intervention of a fpace of eight or nine 
‘yards is deemed fufficient. The expence is 
generally computed at the rate of one hhilling 
per rod of feven yards, ” 
5 E - : : ur 
# 
Statiftical Account of the Parifh of Orton. 
{ Mareh 1, 
if the ground be intended for pafure. 
There are feveral large inclofures, adjoiri- 
ing to the mountains, which are called 
‘Cow-bounds, or common-paftures, and 
which, perhaps, belong to all the inha- 
bitants of a village or hamlet. © aoe 
‘On the north fide of the Lune the fields 
are generally inclofed with ftone-walls 5 
but, on the fouth of that river, . the 
fences are chiefly compofed of thorn and 
williow-hedges; though, towards the 
mountains, walls of fone are again vifi- 
ble. The great increafe in the value of 
the produétions of the ground has been 
the caufe of ftimulating the.farmers to 
uncommon exertions, and of inducing 
them_to attempt the improvement of their 
land. Till lately, lime was feldom ufed 
as a manure, but is now become the prin- 
cipal ingredient in the mixture of fevera} 
kinds of compolt. © * + ~ rE. 
~ As the landed property is in general 
occtipied by thé owners, the number of 
farmers ‘is confiderably lefs than that 
of ‘proprietors. The farms are very 
fmall, few amounting to sol. and many not 
exceeding even 20]. per annum; infomuch, 
that almoft every family is able to culti- 
vate the eftate or farm, without hiring fer- 
vants by the year, oer employing day- 
labourers. It is, therefore, evident that 
a greater equality exits among this pea- 
ple than will ever refult from the wild and 
baneful theortes of Paine. ~ ° * * 
The fituation of this diftrict rendering 
rain very frequent, it often happens that 
the farmers in the neighbourhood of Ap. 
pieby, which is only ten miles diftant, 
frequently enjoy fine weather during the 
time éf fowing and reaping, when the re- 
verfe is experiénced in this parifh. The 
weather, indeed, is fometimes fo very un- 
favourable, that the harveft is not finifhed 
before the'end of Oétober, or beginning 
of November; though it generally termi- 
nates foon after the commencement of - 
O&ober. prs Pao gl : 
** The quantity and value of the crop 
greatly depend on the nature of the fea- 
fon: a wet and cloudy fummer prevents 
the grain from ripening at an early period, 
and confequently reduces the worth of the 
corn; whilf, on the contrary, a fine and 
dry feafon is followed by an early harveft, 
and the-crops will be equivalent to thofe 
grown under a more friendly climate. 
From thefe circumfiances it is impoffible 
to afcertain, with precifion, the annual 
value of a crop of -corn. | Difference of 
foils alfo willoccafion a differencein the efti- 
mation of the grain; for whilft fome crops 
are worth twenty pounds per acre, others 
