- 
1303.] 
as 
proper form of the glaffes, the errors of re- 
traétion may be correéted. He conceives 
that achromatic telefcopes promife much 
more than reflectors, and thinks that they 
intercept much lefs light. 
Mr. -SrrENGER, of Iver, -adminifters 
the Galvanic influence, in cafes of deafnefs, 
by applying a {mall ball to the external 
orifice of the ear, while a much larger one 
is held in the patient’s hand; the commu- 
nication is then formed and interrupted al- 
ternately by means of machinery, once in 
every fecond, for about four minutes daily, 
for two or three weeks. He afferts that 
he has thus reftored the fenfe of hearing to 
forty-five perfons. | 
Phofphuret of lime affords a curious 
compound, on account of the property it 
has of difengaging, when a few bits of it 
are thrown into water, a quantity of gafe- 
ous bubbles, which, on reaching the fur- 
face, inflame {pontaneoufly with a beauti- 
ful white flame, and give rife to fucceffive 
detonations, which may be compared to a 
running fire of mufketry. The method of 
preparing this fubftance is as follows: Fill 
afmal! glafs matrafs, having a fat bot- 
tom, and long narrow neck, with one part 
of carbonated lime, place it in a fand-bath, 
and apply a heat capable of expelling the 
carbonic acid from the lime. When the 
decarbonization is near an end, introduce, 
in portions, a third part of phofphorus, at 
very {mall intervals, conftantly maintain-. 
ing the matter at a dark red heat. ‘The 
phofphorus diffules itfelf throughout the 
whole mafs of matter, contraéts an union 
with the lime, lofes its volatility, and 
forms phofphuet. After the whole phol- 
phorus is introduced, let the fire be fudden- 
ly flackened, and ftop the matrafs with a 
fiopper, having a pneumatic valve, to pre- 
vent the accefs of the air, and which will 
faffer the gaz which remains to efcape. 
When the matter is {ufficiently cooled, 
take it from the matrafs, and put it (tak- 
ing care not to touch it with the fingers or 
other moift bodies) into heated glafs flafks 
which can be hermetically fealed. 
The mountain Whararai, in the ifland 
of Owhyhee, was, in the year 1799, af- 
cended by Mr. Menzies, who went out 
with Captain Vancouver; its height is 
about 8000 feet above the furface of the 
fea. “On this mountain is a very deep cra- 
ter, with afhes and cinders appearing frefh : 
the natives confider it as the habitation of 
evil {pirits, whom they attempt to pacify 
by offerings of various kinds. 
Dr. Prizstvey, ftill the zealous adyo- 
cate of the doétrine of Phlogifton, main- 
tains, in his Anfwer to Mr, Cruickfliank’s 
Literary and Philofophical Intelligence. 161 
Obfervations, that the black calx of iron, 
commonly called fizery cinder, contains no 
oxygen, but water only; and, when it is 
revived, which cannot be effected without 
the introdu€tion of phlogifton, nothing 
but water is feparated from it. To the 
air from the finery cinder, he particularly 
wifhes the controverfy to be direéted, and 
advances feveral obfervations in defence 
of his own theory ; and concludes, with 
faying, ** It is now twenty years fince 
this new theory was advanced, and, from 
that time to the prefent, I have not ceafed 
to exprefs my opinion of its fallacy, and 
to give my reafons for that opinion; but 
T have not, till very lately, been able to 
draw any degree of attention to the {ub- 
ject. .Now, however, Iam happy to have 
fucceeded in this; and as I find, that the 
chemilts in France, the great patrons of 
the new fyftem, look to Mr, Cruickfhank 
as the ableft defender of it, I. earneftly 
with, that he would undertake the difcuf- 
fion of every article of my objections to 
Abst? 
M. Wurzer, Profeflor of Chemiftry 
in Bonne, has proved by experiments that 
3glbs, of jelly may be obtained by diffolv- 
ing ilb. of ox-bones; and advites the 
making of nutritious foups from bones 
only, Every pound of ox-bone will yield, 
befide the jelly, 2Ib. of fat. He thinks 
that foup fufficient for 13 people may be 
made with 8 pounds of the jelly, (obtain- 
ed from 2]bs. of bones.) Alb. of barley- 
meal, 6lbs. of potatoes, 1 onion, 8 or 10 
ounces of falt.. He recommends likewife 
the addition of fpices and various culinary 
herbs and roots. 
A new regulation has been made at 
Vienna relative to Public Libraries, &c. 
None of the works of Voltaire, Rouffeau, 
Helvetius, Bayle, and other philofophers, 
muft in future, be lent to any perfon, ex- 
cept to thofe who intend to refute them. 
A Dutch work has lately been publith- 
ed at Harlem, entitled Reizex naar de 
Kaap de Goede Hoop, &c. or, Voyage to 
the Cape of Good Hope, &c. by Corne- 
LIUs DE Jonc. This vovage is highly 
{poken of by the Dutch reviewers. 
The Pope has ordered a hundred gal- 
ley-flaves to be employed in digging for 
antiquities in the old city of Oltia. | His 
Holinefs has likewife added to the fums 
ufually applied towards the museum 10,000 
piaftres, for the purpofe of fupplying, as far 
as poflible, the lofies it had fuftained from 
the rapacity of the French conquerors. 
Denon, author of the Travels in 
Egypt, has been appointed Direétor Ge- 
neral of the French mufeums, 
: A method 
