18053.] 
= fpeaks of the yews of Corfica as being 
particularly injurious to bees: 
Sic tua Cyrneas fugiant examina taxos. 
Dr. Barton fuppofes, that, at fome fu- 
ture period, the cultivation of bees may 
be a fubject of national importance to the 
United States; and in that cafe, he con- 
ceives that he has performed no trivial 
jabour, in pointing-out the vegetables 
from which an injurious honey is ob- 
tained. ' 
Dr. Williamfon has defcribed the Epho- 
ron Leukon, ca\led the White Fly. Thetle 
infegts are natives of the river Paflaic, 
but their utmoft range is not above two 
miles and a half, and within thefe limits 
they rife in clouds, and without number. 
‘Their firft appearance every year is about 
the zoth of July, and they continue rifing 
every evening, more or lefs, about three 
weeks. They feek the light, for they 
fly in crowds to a lamp or candle, but are 
{uppoled to be the only genus of winged 
injects that never fee the fun. <“* The in- 
fet of an hour (fays Dr. Williamfon) that 
is never at reft, might ferve for a flrong 
figure in the hands of a peevifh philofo- 
pher.” 
From Mr. Latrobe’s defcription of the 
clupea and tyrannus onifcus pregu/fator, we 
Jearn, that, in the {pring, the, bay-ale- 
wife (clupea nondefcripta) arrives in very 
confiderable thoals; that this fifi is about 
the fize of alarge herring ; and that it-is ne- 
ver feen in'‘this feafon, without an infect 
,about two inches long in its mouth. Fither- 
men call tnisinft& ihe loufe. It cannot be fe- 
parated but with the greateft difficulty from 
the fifhes’ jaws; and if taken away, and the 
fith thrown back into the water, it foon dies. 
“‘ T have (fays Mr. Latrobe) fometimes 
fucceeded in taking out the inlect inabrifk 
and lively ftate; and as foonas it was fet 
free from my grafp, immediately fcram- 
bled back to the mouth of the fih. In 
every initance it was difgufingly corpu- 
lent ; and it feemed, that, whether he ob- 
tained his poft by force, or by favour; 
whether he be a mere traveller, or a con- 
{tant refident ; he certainly hasa fat place 
of it, and fares fumptuoufly every day.” 
Mr. Latrobe next gives reafons for the 
yames which be would affign to the fith 
and infect, if they have been hitherto un- 
_defcribed. 
we 
SOCLETY of LONDON, for the encourage-. 
ment of ARTS, MANUFACTURES, and 
COMMERCE, 
, HE filver medal has been voted to 
the Rev. Richard Yates, for his Ob- 
Montuy Mag, No. go. 
Proceedings of Learned Societies. O57 
fervations on the Cultivation and Growth 
of Oak Timber. An opinion is generally 
prevalent, that the oak is particularly 
flow in its growth, and requires a great 
number of years before it affords any ad- 
vantage. Mr. Yates maintains, in op- 
pofition to this opinion, that the oak may 
be rendered very rapid in its growth ; 
and,: confequently, that land may be em- 
ployed to great advantage in its cultiva- 
tion. 
The oak appears to derive its chief nu- 
triment and firength from a root that al- 
ways defcends at right angles to the hori- 
zon, and is called the tap-root. The 
great art then in raifing oaks, confifts in 
preferving this tap-root from injury, and 
as much as-poffible to aflift its growth. 
The management of a plantation of oaks 
may be refolved into the three following 
practical direétions; —1. Previoufly to 
planting of acorns, Joofew the earth in- 
tended for their reception by deep trench- 
ing. 2. Never tranfplant, or in any way 
difturb, the faplings intended for timber. 
3. Keep the plant carefully pruned till ar- 
rived at a proper height. 
A loam or mar! foil is the beft for oaks: 
the acorns fhould be planted about the 
middle. of March, in rows two or three 
inches deep, and as many inches afunder. 
When the plants appear, they muft be 
kept very clean by weeding with the hand. 
In O&ober they muft be thinned, by 
pulling up every other plant, taking care 
to preferve the talleft and ftraighteft. The 
operation of thinning muft be continued 
every year till they ftand thirty feet apart ; 
at which diftance they may remain for 
timber. The pruning is to be continued, 
by removing every year, very fmooth and 
clofe to the main ftem, one year’s growth 
of fide branches, till the plants are ar- 
rived at a (tem of forty, fifty, or fixty feet; 
and they may then .be permitted to run 
to head without farther pruning. 
Thofe who have been accuftomed to 
notice the flow growth and ftunted ap- 
pearance of oak-trees, when denied the 
affiftance of art, would obferve with 
aftonifhment the vigorous and rapid in- 
creafe of plants under the management 
now pointed out. The plants thinned out 
the firft. three or four years, may be re- 
planted in the intermediate fpaces between 
the rows, for the purpofe of being after- 
wards removed, or they may be ufefully 
placed in hedges; but at the time of 
tranfplanting they fhould be headed‘down, 
as tins operation affifts the procefs of na~ 
ture in reproducing or remedying any in- 
Ll : 
jury 
