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Avery rich and abundant fpring of pe- 
troleum was difcovered, a few months 
fince, on the borders of the Ligurian Re- 
public. This fubftance is now employed, 
without mixture of any kind, in lighting 
the city of Genoa. It gives an equal 
quantity of light at one-fourth of the ex- 
ake of common oil. It is extremely 
impid, has a ftrong pungent f{mell, and 
its f{pecific gravity is to that of water as 
$3 to 100, and to that of olive-oil as 91 
to 100. 
The Emperor of Ruffia, to encourage 
the cultivation of hops, has lately made 
a confiderable grant of lands to a M, Po- 
TaPow for that purpofe. 
SEGUIN has difcovered anew triple falt, 
composed of fulphuric.acid, foda, and am- 
moniac. This falt cryftallizes regularly, 
is fixed in air, and decrepitates in fire, 
which at firft produces a difengagement 
of ammoniac, and afterwards of acid- 
falphate af ammoniac; the refidue is a 
neutral fulphate of foda. i 
Fourcroy has found, that red oxyd of 
mercury, digeited for eight or ten days 
with ammoniac, acquires the property of 
fulminating. 
Guyron has proved, that not only ba- 
rytes, but all falifiable bafes, alkalino- 
argillaceous or alkaline only, ate precipi- 
tated by pruffiates, by means of double 
affinities. 
A new fugar has been difcovered, by 
Profeffor PRousT, in the grape, which is 
the bafis of wine. It is different from 
that of the fugar-cane, and cryftallizes 
differently. It is contained in the pro- 
portion of about thirty per cent. in the 
juice of the grape. Azote is uniformly 
combined with the carbonic acid, in the 
fermentation of wine: in that of gluten, 
it is pure hydrogen, which is difengaged 
with the carbonic acid. 
Pajor-DescuarmMes has publifhed 
the refult of his experiments on the ufe of 
fulphate of foda, in the manufacture of 
glafs, by which it appears, 1. That ful- 
phate of foda and fand alone, in various 
proportions, cannct fucceed. 2. That 
fulphate of foda, mixed with pounded 
charcoal, in the proportion of one-tenth or 
one twentieth part, yiclded a yellow glafs, 
more or lefs black, and the crucibles were 
then very flightly aGied upon. 3. That 
equal parts of carbonate of lime, dried 
fuiphate of foda, and fand, produced a 
beautiful elafs, clear, and of a pale yel- 
low: the crucibles were then very little 
corroded. Giafs mace with fulphate ef 
foda is always of a ycliowifh green; but 
Literary and Philofophical Intelligence. 
{May}, 
with muriate of foda (féa-falt) it has 2° 
light-blue tinge. 
Profefflor TromsporrF has given an 
account of the difcovery of a new metal 
combined with fulphur. .The charaéte- 
riftic marks of this metal are—it belongs 
to the volatile metals; with fulphur it 
forms a mafs which melts like wax, and 
which cryftallizes ; with fulphureous acid 
it gives a reddifh folution ; with nitrous 
acid and nitro-muriatic acid it gives a 
yellowith folution ; muriatic acid has no 
action on it warm ; from acid folutions it 
is precipitated green by the pruffiate of 
potafh; of a fteel-grey by tinéture of 
galis ; chamois-yellow by Sydrothion am- 
monia (probably carbonate of ammonia) ; 
by carbonate of potafh it is precipitated 
as a white oxide: it is not precipitated 
from its folution by cauftic ammonia, and 
it is probable, that it forms with it a dou- 
ble falt. This new fubftance is found in 
Germany. 
The Works and Letters of GusTa- 
vus Il. late King of Sweden, being in- 
tended to be publifhed, with permiffion of 
the King now reigning, all perfons, who 
have in their poffeffion any letters of that 
Prince, of a nature to be communicated 
to the public, are invited to tranfmit either 
the originals, or copics of them, to the Swee 
difh minifter that may be nearefl to their 
place of refidence; or, to M. le Comte 
d’Oxenftierna, at the poft-office at Stock- 
holm, with a view to the infertion of the 
faid letters in the collection that will fhort- 
ly appear. . 
PROFESSOR OLIVARIUS is returned 
from his literary tour through Sweden, 
and has now in the prefs, at Copenhagen, 
his ‘*General Archives of the North, 
comprehending England and Holland.” 
The lat number of his well known pe- 
riodical work, Le Nord, has jufi.madeits — 
appearance. 5 
The Magiftracy of Orleans have re- 
folved to erest a monument in honour of 
the celebrated Joan of Arc. It is to con- 
fift of a bronze ftatue, upon a {quare pe- 
deftal of white marble. On each fide of the 
pedeftal there will bea bronze bas-relief, 
reprefenting an interefting moment of her 
life: (1) the receiving a fword from the ~ 
hands of the King at Chignon ;—(2) the 
raifing the fiege of Orleans ;—-(3) the 
anointing of the King at Rheims; and 
(4) her death. 5 
Profeffor DaNzEL, of Hamburg, lately 
read, at a meeting of the Royal Acade- 
my of Sciences at Berlin, a memoir on 
an apparatus invented by him for the di- 
recting 
