‘Retrofpedt of German Literature—P hilofophy. 
Mifiverhtandiffes der Fichtifchen Ideen 
iiber diefen Gegenftand,” (Man and 
Woman, or Deduction of Marriage ; 
being a Contribution towards rectify- 
ing the Mifunderftanding of Fichte’s 
Ideas on that Subject), by Profeffor 
SCHAUMANN, of Gieffen; where Pro- 
feflor Snell continues to teach the 
Kantian philofophy in its genuine pu- 
rity, and defends it againft all op- 
pofers, as is proved by feveral publica- 
tions announced in the Leipzig Cata- 
logue. 
At the Michaelmas-fair, Fichte pre- 
fented us with a ‘* Neve Wiflen- 
{chaftilehre,”’ being his laft attempt, as 
he fays in the advertifement, to render 
the new philofophy intelligible to the 
public, although it be mifunderftood 
even by learned profeffors, men, the bufi- 
ne{s of whofelife it has been to teach phi- 
lofophy. At the fame time a certain 
BouMe publifhed a ‘* Commentary on 
and againft the firft Principle of the 
Doétrine of Science.” Fichte’s ‘* Law 
of Nature’ has met with more fuccefs 
than his other works: fewer complaints 
were made of the unintelligibility of it 
than of many of the conclufions drawn 
from his principles. ‘That it began to 
prevail at fome of the Univerlities, ap- 
peared from the elemental lectures and 
iyllabus of feveral profeflors. REINERS, 
of Landfhut, however, and molt of the 
Catholic Univerfities of Germany, {till 
ftrigtly adhere to the doctrine of Kant. 
SCHELLING continues his ‘ Zeit- 
{chrift fiir fpeculative Phyfik,” (jour- 
nal for fpeculative Phyfics), in which 
he more and more developes his * Phi- 
lofophy of Nature;” and began, in con- 
junction with his colleague, Hegel, 
’ 6 Bin Kritifcher Journal der Philofo- 
phie,” (Critical Journal of Philofo- 
phy,) containing differtations and re- 
views of new publications: both are 
diftincuifhed by violent Philippics 
againit' the oppugners of the new doc- 
trines. 
Of a quite oppofite charatter both in 
this and other refpects, are the “ Bey- 
trage zur leichternUeberficht desZuftan- 
des der Philofophie beym Anfange des 
neunzehnten Jarhrhunderts,’’ (Contri- 
butions towards a View of the State of 
Philofophy at the Commencement of 
the nineteenth Century ), edited by Pro- 
feffor REINHOLD, in Kiel; who has 
fucceflively adopted the various new 
forms of philofophy, except that of 
Schelling, and is now become the pa- 
negyriit of the new doctrine of BaR« 
MONTHLY Maa. No. 163. 
669 
DILI, who thinks he-can folve all difi- 
culties, by making being and thinking 
to be identical. 
Another teacher of a new fyftem of 
philofophy, Profeflor BouTERWECK of 
Gottingen found it neceflary to publith 
a fmall work, entitled ‘‘ Die Epochen 
der Vernunft.”’ (Epochs of Reafon), in 
defence of his ‘* Apodiétics, which, he 
afferts, had been mifunderiftood. 
The ftudy of the older philofophy 
was not, however, entirely neglected. 
Profeflor BuHLE, of Gottingen, pub- 
lifhed the feventh volume of his ** Lehr- 
buch zur Gefchichte der Philofophie’’, 
(Elements of theHiltory of Philofophy). 
Profeflor SocHER,-of the new Bava- 
rian Univerfity at Landfhut, where 
Schelling, as well as Kant, has many~ 
partizans, gave us a very uieful 
** Grundrifs der Gefclichte der Philo- 
fophifchen Syfteme von den Griechen 
bis Kant.”—Sketch of the Hittory of 
Philofophical Syfiems, from the time 
of the Ancient Greeks tothat of Kant; 
and Dr. PauLus, Profeffor of Divinity, 
at Jena, facilitated the ftudy of Spi- 
nofa’s, by a new edition of his works: 
«* B. de Spinoza Opera que fuperifunt 
omnia, iterum edenda curavit, prefa- 
tiones, vitam, necnon notitias que ad 
Hittoriam f{criptorum pertinent, addi- 
dit E:G..Pautus, Jenze vol. I. befides 
which there came torth ‘** B. de Spi- 
noza Adnotationes ad Tract. Theol. 
polit. ex autographo edidit ac pretatus 
eft, addita notitia Scriptorum Philofo- 
phi, C. T. pe Murr. 
But the above may fuffice for the 
philofophy of the {chools: we _ fhall 
now fay a few words relative to works 
treating of the philofophy of life. 
Among thefe, the ‘ Betrachtungen 
uber das Weibliche Gefchlecht, &c.’— 
(Confiderations on the Female Sex) ; of 
which the third, and concluding vo- 
lume, has been publithed, particularly 
merits to be mentioned with diltinction. 
The author, M. BRanpis, Member of 
the Board of Commerce, at Hanover, 
bad publithed lis thoughts on this fub- 
ject already: in 1787, in a work entitled 
“«¢ Die Weiber,’? which was much read; 
and, in the prefent work, he has farther 
developed theni, ‘This candid, fevere, 
and acute obferver of women treads in 
the foot-iteps of Rouffleau ; and endea- 
vours to warn them from the bye-paths, 
which would jead them attray from the 
courie allotted to them by nature and 
the relations of civil fociety, and fo 
thew them that their.extravagant pre- 
, ak tentiongs 
