32 
heavy crops of potatoes, the foil being in 
general peculiarly adapted to the growth 
of thefe roots. Barley and oats are the 
principal forts of grain fown here, the 
land being found_generally too light for 
wheat. Artificial graffes are likewife be- 
ginning to be generally cultivated, but not 
fo much as they would be, were the fields 
properly inclofed, fo as.to render it con- 
venient. Thefe are fown with barley for 
the moft part, but fometimes with oats ; 
the former mode is preferred when it can 
be done. The quantity of feed fown per 
acre is commonly 12 to 16 1b. of red 
clover, and from one bufhel to one boll of 
rye-grafs, with fometimes a little white 
clover: the produce from 100 to 300 ftone 
of hay peracre. If for pafture on the out- 
field or high grounds, 3lb. of white clover, 
s5lb. of rib-grafs, and one boll of rye-grafs. 
The ufual rotations are: on a gravelly 
fandy foil; turnips, barley with feeds, 
hay, pafture, oats, turnips, &c. Ona 
Joam foil; fallow, with dung or lime, 
wheat or barley, peas, barley with grais 
feeds, hay, hay or pafture, oats, fallow, 
&c. On the foil along the fkirts of the 
hills; ‘fallow with lime or fheep felding, 
oats, turnips, broad-caft, oats and gra{s 
feeds, for pafture for 3 years. On out- 
field moorifh foil; oats after folding 
with fheep or black cattle and limed, oats, 
oats, fallow, oats with grafs feeds for paf- 
ture while the grafs is good. 
Folding or teathimg fheep and cattle on 
fallows is common in this county during 
the night, from June to the end of Sep- 
tember. The urine of cattle is alfo col- 
legted in fome inftances in a fort of refer- 
voir, from whence it is conveyed ina large 
barrel placed upon a two-wheeled’ ma- 
chine drawn by ene horfe to the field, and 
there fpread or fpilt regularly upon the 
Grie& part. The effects are very confi- 
derabie the firft year. 
It is faid that not above 20 acres of the 
old natural woods remain in the county, 
but extenfive plantations of Scotch fir and 
larch mixed with the oak, afh, elm, and 
beech, are planting every year. 
Oxen are not fo much ufed in draught 
as formerly, fince lighter plows and better 
horfes have been got. ‘Threfhing ma- 
chines have been Jately introduced into 
this.county, and found very profitable on 
Jarge farms. 
Of live ftock, fheep: is the principal: 
moft farmers almoft wholly depend on their 
flocks of fheep for the payment of their 
rents and fupport of their families. 
They are almoit* univerfally the fhort- 
hoyned black-faced breed, natives of the 
tt 8 Se) ee 
Heufinan’s Tour in Scotland.—Mbfat. 
[Feb. rs 
county, and found the moft profitable and 
hardy kind for thefe high bleak hills. 
The ewes are milked from the firft of 
July to the middle of Auguft, and the 
milk ufed for making of cheefe, 
July 26th, Moffat to Ecclefechan, in 
Dumfriesthire; by way of Lockerby, 22 
miles. Before I left Moffat this morning, 
¥ obferved feveral people from the country 
coming early into town, and generally 
with a bottle of milk, and a fmall bundle 
of provifions. On inyuiry I underftood 
thefe were pious people on religious bu- 
finefs, this being a faft and preaching day. 
among a congregation of diffenters, called 
Burgher Seceders. On this day they do 
no other work befides attending their de- 
votions. 
Leaving Moffat, I pafs through fome 
{mall plantations of Scotch fir, Jarch, and 
other forts of wood, interfperfed among 
corn fields. The arable land dry and 
gravelly, but for feveral miles I obferve 
an unpleafant mixture of cultivated ground, 
and traéts of moor land; and what adds 
to the bleaknefs of the country, is a want 
of inclofing, which generally prevails— 
An extenfive vale foon opens on the right, 
wherein the windings of the Tinnan are 
zen in a good point of view. I pafs fome 
beautiful haughs, but they are narrow. 
Potatoes are chiefly here the fallow crop ; 
few turnips appear ; I fuppofe the incon- 
venience of raifing turnips in cemmon 
fields is the principal reafon, as the foil 
feems not improper for the produétion of 
that root. Barley and oats are moft in 
cultivation, and not much wheat is at- 
tempted to be raifed. Ido not obferve in 
this valley that fyfematic neatnefs and re- 
gularity in hufbandry which the farmers 
of Tweedale dilplay ; indeed the foil here 
dees not feem equally uniform and fertile. 
The mountains now fink on each fide, 
and recede toa confiderablediftance, leav- 
ing a lower tract of about four or five 
miles in width. This traé contains little 
heim ground, but rifes in irregular f{wells, 
and "exhibits a motley piéture of poor 
heathy moorlands, arable grounds of va- 
rious qualities, and often in common fields, 
tracts of old woodland, plantations, and 
fome feats, particularly an elegant one be- 
longing to Sir Wm. Jardine. This dif- 
trict, like all thofe I have vifited in Scot- 
land, is divided among different great 
herieters or |Jand-holders. ‘Buildings are 
generally of the meaneft conftru€ticn, 
low thatched hovels, with chimnies of 
ftraw rope wound about {piles of woed. 
In many of the cottages the little holes — 
intended as windews havea piece of board, 
or 
