226 De Lalandés Hiftory of Aptronomiy for the Year, 800. {April r, 
principally forwarded this eftablifhment. The 
ephemeris for 1803 is calculated, wherein the 
diftance of the moon from the planets will be 
found. Leffons on aftronémy are given by M. 
Waurbierg, and fome ftudents are to be fent to 
make a chart of Iceland. 
M. von Zach, who is accuftomed to make 
in autumn, a geographical and aftronomical 
journey in Germany, has afcertained the 
fituation of Brunfwick, 52% 15’ 43" and 32 
37° tothe eaftof Faris. At Mr. Von Ende’s, 
. in the duchy of Lunepburgh, he found a well- 
furnifhed obfervatory, and determined the 
fituation at 522 37'47'' and 30’ 5" 3 at Bre- 
men, at M. Olber’s, 33° 4' 37” and 25' 48”. 
He is alfo convinced that, with a nine-inch 
fextant, the fituation of the moon might be 
determined within 5 or 6’ as well as with 
the largeft and beft inffruments. The free 
and great city of Bremen has afforded M. Ol- 
bers an opportunity of forming an affociation 
of opulent merchants, who have eftablifhed 
amufeum, a phyfical cabinet, and an obferva- 
tory with profeflors, among whom M. Olbers 
is the Profeflor of Aftronomy. 
At Lilienthal, M. Zach was aftonifhed to 
find fuch an immenfe collection of initru- 
ments in the poffeilion of M. Schroter.—— 
There is a 27-feet telefcope; but, above all, 
ene of 13, which is perhaps the beft in exift- 
ence 3 it produces efteéts which have aftonith- 
ed our moft experienced obfervers. M. Schro- 
ter’s ‘gardener has difplayed great talents in 
the fcience; he cafts the mirrors and po- 
lifhes them with aftonifhing addrefs. His 
feven-feet telefcopes ftand in competition 
with thofe of Herfchel. He has eftablithed 
a furprifing manufaCtory where you may pur- 
chafe a telefcope-mirror of four-feet fecus, 
with the {mall mirror for 120 francs; and. 
thofe of 15 feet for 700 frances, which is not 
the tenth part of the price which it has hi- 
therto been the cuftom to demand at Lon- 
donand Paris. M, Schroter has fome obferva- 
tions of Mercury, of which he believes the. 
period of rotation to be 24 hours five minutes. 
He may be faid to have a privileged fight 
for aftronomy, for he can, without glaffes, 
difcern Mercury in open day; he has fre- 
quently obferved, through his telefcope, 
{mall ftars, which appear as a faint fpot of 
light, and lef two or three feconds; this 
_ proves that the hydrogen and oxygen extend 
many leagues in the depth of the atmofphere ; 
meteors and globes of fire, which aftonifh 
when at fome hundred fathoms diftance, 
become paffing ftars when diftant one league, 
and ftars for obfervation by the. telefcope 
when three or four leagues removed. 
Prince Adolphus, the feventh child of the 
King of England, is very well informed, 
and contributes to. the fpecial protection 
which his father gives to aftronomy, in the 
Ele€torate of Hanover ; he vifited the beau- 
tiful obfervatory at Lilienthal, at the fanie 
time as M. Zach. ; 
2 
Mr. Harding has received appointments from 
the king, and is made partner with M. 
Schroter. 
M. Bogdanich has alfo made a fimilar jour- 
ney, and given a report of a number of de- 
terminations. ; 
The -geography of remote countries has 
received much aid from Wancouver’s and Mar- 
chand’s voyages round the world. - The latter 
was lately publifhed by C. Fleurieu, in 
4 vols. quarto. Let us alfo notice the travels 
of Symes, in Afia; Mungo Park, in Africa 3 
Brown, who hasbeen as faras Darfour, ih 
the -interior of Negroland ; and Hornemann, 
for whom Bonaparte has provided means to 
penetrate Africa, and ‘who has already fent 
his Journal ; likewife Damberger’s Travels; 
who fpent feveral yearsin Africa. 
The C. Vaillant propofes.to return into 
Africa, where he has already fignalized hims 
felf; andan aflociation of merchants of Mar- 
feilles, announce an efablifhment on the Faft- 
ern Coaft of Africa. ' 
By the Spanith Marine Depofit, eftablithed 
in 1797, feventeen chatts of the Americaa 
Southerly Coaft, and of the Gulf of Mexico, 
have been publifhed. | Navigation Tables have 
been publifhed by M. Mendoza 3 Memoirs on - 
Navigation, by M. Lopez Royo and M. Gali- 
ano. Nothing has been negle&ted to render 
this Depofit ufeful by M. Jofeph de Spinofa, 
Captain of a King’s fhip, who is its direétor, 
and from whofe zeal and experience much may 
be ‘expected. 
We have received the account of the voyage 
to the Straits of Magellan, in 1785 and 1786 
by D. Antonio de Cordova, D. Dionifis Alcala 
Galiano, and D. Alexandre’ Belmonte, with 
many charts and obfervations. 
M. Roffel is occupied in England, in ar- 
ranging the Journal of his Voyage with En- 
trecafteaux, and propofes to publifh it. M. 
Lagrandiere, another- officer of the fame ex- 
pedition, has likewife a journal; and the 
Englith Government, who were apprized of. 
it, will doubtlefs make ufe of it, in their 
chart of New Holland. — - 
C. Meignien, now at Madrid, has tranf- 
lated four Spanifh works into French, relating 
to Navigation, he has forwarded the MSS. 
to the Marine Degofit at Paris. 
We have received from’M. Humboldt, ob- 
fervations made in the South of America ; 
whither his love of the fciences led him. 
His knowledge in anatomy, medicine, and 
natural hiftory ; his zeal and fortune, equal- 
ly contribute torender his travels interefting. 
The Memoirs relating to the Marine, by 
Vice-admiral A. Thévenard, contain various 
geographical articles, and among the reft one 
upon Cape Circumeifion, which gave rife to 
a controverfy which I held with the celé-« 
brated author in the Connoiffance des Temps. 
for 1798 © 
J. & Le Chevalier has publifhed a Des 
fcription of the Propontis; of the Euxine Sea, 
a AE sae ea 
