5c6 
was publi fhed in two volumes, folio, at 
Ofen, in 1779- The. Court Calendar is 
‘publifhed every year in Latin, in two 
types, under the protection of the royal 
council of fate. It began in 1728. The 
oldeft annual calendar, written in Hunga- 
an, and tranflated, which the auther is 
acquainted with, bears the date of 1582. 
It is dificult to alcertain-with preci- 
fon the extent cf this kingdom. Jofeph IT. 
eftablified a commiffion to take a gecme- 
tricai admieafurement of the country, but 
he died before it was concluded; and this 
work was highly difagreeable to the land. 
owners of the country, who naturally 
feared that the refult would be an enume- 
ration of the people, and a new fyftem of 
taxation. 
At the death of Jofeph, thefe operations 
were fufpended, though they had already 
coft a large fum of money ; and the eager 
joy of the people on hearing of this inter- 
ruption to this unpopular work led them 
to burn what was already done, in order 
entirely to to deitroy ali remembance of the 
undertaking. 
There are few countries of which fo nu- 
merous and fuch excellent maps have been 
‘made as of Hungary; and yet they are 
hitherte little agreed as to, its true exteiit 
and dimenfions. One of the lateft of thef ie, 
which was publifhed at Vienna in 1 79%) in 
four theets, computes the lize of . the 
whole kingdom, including Dalmatia, Cro- 
atia, and Sclavonia, to be 4033 {quare 
miles. The great proportion of marfh- 
dand in this kingdem is bath’a proof and a 
cauféef itslow population. ‘The climate 
of Hungary has been always accufed of 
unhealthinels, infomuch as to have siven 
this country proverbially the title of the 
Tomb of Strangers, or the Germans’ 
Burying-place. Mr. Schwartner, defends 
_ it from this accufation. 
In 1787, after the third enumeration of 
the people, the number of 
cf Hungary, Sclavonia, and the Hungarian 
part of Croatia and Dalmatia(not including 
‘Tranfylvania) amounted to 
perfons. The war with Turkey, and the 
famine in 1788; the failure in the crops 
in 1794, which ruined fo many individuals; 
and an epidemic aiftemper imported from 
Turkey in 1795, mutt certainly have di- 
minifhed the population ; but the author 
thinks that this lofs has been nearly re- 
paired, by four gocd years in fucceffion, 
which have fince occurred. ‘The popula- 
tion of Hungary, however, though confi- 
derable in the aggrecate, is but low in 
proportion, fince the at ove -meationed to- 
Statiftical Account of Hungary. 
the inhabitants. 
73? 16,789 ‘ 
tal only gives 1848 fouls for each Ie. 
geometric mile. 
Pafture-land is very abundant, It > 
poor; grafs meadows are ,rare- and | 
fown, and little is‘known or practifey - 
the management of cattle and hor, ~ 
The fheep and cattle are ‘fed in lai 
plains, called in Hungary pus/fen, or pr 
dia, in which ro sm has a right! 
fettle but the fhepherds. ‘The number\ 
thefe plains, in 1787, was 1305+ 
Scarcely any country contains fo man 
different tribes and languages as Hungary 
Mr. Schwartner clafles thefe varieties by 
the feveral languages, in the following 
manner: 
1. The original native Hungarians, 
who live for the: moft part in the flat 
countries, and hence the Hungariaa| 
tongue is not underftood ameng the moun. 
taineers.. Thefe indigenous Hungarians 
are but few in number, and conftitute the 
ners ciat. They appzar to be as averle | 
to a life of confinement in cities as the an- 
cient Germans, mentioned by Tacitus. 
They are more numerous in the kingdom 
than the Germans and Wallachians ; but 
the race of Sclavenians, with their feveral 
branches, by far out-numbers that of the 
Hungarians properly fo called. In 1787, 
Hungary alone, not including the free= 
ftates, was reckoned to contain 11402 
towns or villages, of which 3688 were 
Hungarian, 5789 Sclavonian, Croatian, or 
Illyrian, 921 reeks and 1024 Walla- 
chian. 
2. The Sclavonians, whe have different 
diak&s, and confequently different appel- 
lations, as; Slaves or Sclavonians, Slow- 
acks,-Rafcians, and Croatians. The for- - 
mer cf thefe are the tribe which multiplies 
the moft. [ti is remarkable,. that wherever 
they take root in the midf&. of the 
Germans or indigenous Hungarians, thefe 
latter {con ceafe to profper, and become 
exiinét ina few generations. Within the 
the laf two hundred years, a vaft number 
of towns and villages have pafled from 
Hungarian or.German to Slowack. 
3. The Germans and Tranfylvanians 
eftablifhed at the foot of the Hungarian 
Alps. ‘They amount nearly to 150,000 
fouls. Tt was thefe Germans who the firf 
introduced into this kingdom the privilege 
of the citizens. At ‘lta arrival, the 
mines which Hungary pofleffes began to 
be worked, and the country is indgbted to 
them for a greater degree of abtivily j in its 
general indufry, and particularly in its 
commerce with the North. ‘Thefe fettlers 
foon adopted the native Hungarian gm . 
ap 
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