1802.] 
in the evening, to all who work in the 
cotton-mills. But we deem, (fay they), 
this indulgence effential to ‘the prefent 
health and future capacity for labour 
of thofe who are under the age of four- 
teen; for the attive recreations of child- 
hood and youth are neceflary to the 
growth, the vigour, and right conforma- 
tion of the human body; and we can- 
not excufe ourfelves, on the prefent oc- 
cafion, from fuggefting to you, who are 
the guardians of the public weal, this 
further very important confideration, that 
the rifing generation fhould not be de? 
barred from all opportunities of inftruc- 
tion, at. the only feafon of life in which 
they can be properly improved.” Since 
the period here alluded to, feveral propri- 
etors of Jarge factoriés have, with equal 
judgment and benevolence, adopted recu- 
lations, favourable both to’ health and 
morals. Yet, in many of thefe works, 
great evils ftill fubfift; and, it was the 
Opinion of Mr. Bayley, will continue to 
fubfiit, t’ acode of laws for their general 
government, framed according to the’ 
plans, which the experience of a few {pi- 
rited individuals has proved to be prac- 
ticable, wife, and falutary,. has been 
janétioned by the authority of the Legif- 
Jature. On the bill lately ena&ted, for 
the well ordering of apprentices in the 
cotton-mills, he was contulted: by the very’ 
refpectable fenator who moved and fup- 
ported it in Parliament. The claufes, in 
general, he approved; but confidered 
them as much too partial and limited in 
their operation, to anfwer the important 
and neceffary purpofes of reformation. 
Indeed, he was adverfe to the admiffion 
of apprentices.from a diftance, who, be- 
ing unknown, maft in fome meafure be 
unprote&ted. To the diffolucion of fa- 
mily connections, alfo, even amongft the 
foweft orders of the poor, which this prac- 
tice tends to produce, he was wont to 
urge very forcible objections. On fuch 
connections the moft valuable interefts of 
life depend: 
** Relations dear, and all the charities 
Of father, fon, and brother.’ Milton. 
And when a parent has been induced 
SR spies ate 
to abandon his offspring, and the child is 
placed ina fituation, which extinguifhes 
all the tender attachments of affinity, the. 
firongeft incentives to virtue are with- 
drawn, and the mind becomes prepared 
for idlenefs, malevolence, and profligacy. 
To counteract the caufes of increafing 
vice and mifery, by promoting the moral’ 
and religious inftruction of the rifing ge- 
-MontuLty Mac. No, 99. 
Phemirs of the late T. B. Bayley,” Eg. 
4) | 
neration amongft the poor, Mr. Bayley 
gave the moft zealous encouragement ta 
the eftablifhment of Sunday {chools. He 
was a friend to the diffufion of know: 
ledge; efpecially of that knowledge; 
which all admit to be prime wifdom. And 
he often exprefled both furprife and con- 
cern at the error of many well-dilpofed 
perfons, who are inimical to the extenfion 
of every branch of learning to the infes~ 
rior claffes of the community ; for his 
comprehenfive experience had fully con- 
vinced him, that reading, writing, and 
arithmetic, are not only favourable to 
fkill and advancement in the arts, but to 
fubordination, peaceablenefs, fobricty, 
and honefty. 
More than twenty-five years ago, a 
few gentlemen, belonging to the town -. 
and neighbourhood of Manchefter, who 
had a tafte for polite literature and philos 
fophy, formed themfelves into a weekly 
aflociation, for the purpofe of converfing 
together on {cientific topics. Mr. Bayley 
early joined this little band; and after- 
wards aided, both by his counfels and 
influence, the enlargement of the oriyinal 
plan. Prefidents, and other officers, were 
elected, laws were framed, and a regular 
inttitution eftablifhed, under the denomi- 
nation of the Literary and Philofophical 
Society of Manchefter, which has pub- 
lifhed five volumes of Tranfaétions, in- 
{cribed by permiffion to the King, that 
have been received with much approba- | 
tion by the public. The meetings of this 
body Mr. Bayley could only occafionally 
attend, having his time fully occupied 
in- other preffing and a€tive purfuits: but 
he repeatedly furnifhed valuable commu. 
nications. | 
From this inftitution another fprung, 
not long afterwards, entitled, The Col- 
Jege of Arts and Sciences, for which “Mr, - 
Bayley: was at great pains to obtain the 
moft honourable patronage, and moft ‘li. 
beral fupport. It was intended to pro- 
vide a courfe of fcholaflic inftructicn, 
compatible with the engagements of com- 
mercial life, favourable to allits higher 
interefts, and at the fame time prepara- . 
tory to the fyftematie ftudies of the uni-« 
verfity.. To unite philofophy with art, 
the moral and intellectual culture of the 
mind with the purfuits of fortune, and 
to fuperadd the nobleft powers of enjoy= 
ment to the acquifition of wealth, were 
the objeé&ts which it profeffed to hold in. 
view. In the firft feffion, lefures were. 
propofed to be deliyered on practical maw. 
thematics, and on the principal branches 
of natural and experimental philofophy 3 
On 
