194 
Differential Calculus did too much honour 
to the human mind not to awaken envy. 
Tt was accordingly brifkly attacked by fe- 
veral geometricians, who ufed their utmoft 
efforts to fubver: its doftrines. But Ya- 
rignuon*, to whom John Bernoulli had 
communiczied the new geometry, render- 
ed its caule triumphant, and retorted on 
its adverlaries every firoke which. they 
aimed at it. 
96. The difpute refpecting the inven-.” 
tion of the new analyfis had kindled a 
war of problzms between the Englifh 
mathematicians and John Berncuih, who 
fupported the caufe of Leibnitz. It was 
a curious fpectacle to behald the difciples 
of Newton ranged on one fide, and on the 
other John Bernoulli making head againtt 
them, and, Ike Horatius ‘Cocles, futiain - 
ing alone all the efforts of the Britifh ar- 
my. Taylor} diltinguifhed himfelf above 
all the defenders of “Newton. He folved 
mott of the problems propofed, and to 
him we owe the firft attempt to apply the 
been written by the celebrated Dr. Johnfon, 
and is certainly worthy of his tafte in Latin 
compofition ; 
H.. ¥uP> Fa 
Non ut nontine paterno confulat 3 
Nam tali auxiko nil éget 5 = 
Sed ut in bee infelici campo, 
_ Ubi Lufius regnant ct Paver, 
Mortalibus prorfus non abfit folatium + 
Hujus enim feripta evolve, 
Mentemque tantarum rerum capacem 
Corpori caduco fuperflitem crede. 
Tt is impoffible, at leaf for me, to do juf- 
tice to this elegant and nervous fentence in 
Englifa, but the following tranflation may 
erve to convey fome idea of it :- 
‘* His fon exeéted this monument, not to 
perpetuate his father’s name, for it re 4 no 
fuch aid; but that, in this ‘* valley of 
tears,” oAhere Fear and Sorrow hold their 
reign, mortals might receive fome confola- 
tion; fcr, let them ftudy his works, and 
be infpired with the belief, that the capacious 
mind, which ‘¢ grafped fuch {ublime iyi- 
tems,” furvived the perifhing body.” 
* Peter Varignon, born at Caen, in 1654, 
fudied the mathematics profoundly; and his 
fuccefs procured him a profefior’s chair in 
Mazarin College, in which he has been fuc- 
ceeded by juitly celebrated geome tricians, 
Varignon died, almoft fuddenly, in .1722. 
To great learning, he joined much facility of 
labour 5 and no mathematician knew better 
how to generalize the methods of inveftiga- 
tion. 
+ Taylor, the fchclar of Newton, was 
bern in be and died in 1734. 
Sketch of the Hiftery of Para Jdathematics. 
(Sept. 15. 
new analyfis to Finite Differences, which 
Nicole* unfolded and improved. 
97. Among other geometricians who 
iffued from the fchool of Bafil, Hermanats 
Daziel Bernoullit, and Euler§, thewed 
themfelves worthy of the mafiers under 
whom they were formed. 
98. Other geometricians alfo fignalized 
themfelves by their labours and the'r dif 
ceveries. Tfchirahaufen\|, who made bim- 
* Francis Nicole was born at Paris, im 
1633, and finifhed his courfe in 1758. His 
talents for the mathematics hide: in the 
ark: which he left behind him. 
+ James Hermann was bone at Bafil, in 
1680, and ftudied under James Bernoulli. 
Peter the Great called him to Peterfburg, 
where he was Profefior of the Mathematicg 
till 3722, when he. returned to his native 
country, where he died in 2734+ He vigo= 
roufly defended the principies ne the Diffes 
rential Calculus. 
{ Daniel Bernoulli, the fon a the apa 
of John Bernoulli, was born. at Groningen, 
in February, 17c0. He travelled into italy 
and into Ruffia, in which laft country the 
court of Peterfburg in vain endeavoured te 
retain him. He chofe rather-to occupy @ 
profeffor’s chair in the Univerfity of Bafl, 
and there it was that academic: crowns were 
accumulated on his:head.. He died in 17382, 
His elder brother, Nicholas’ Bernoulli, had 
foared rapidly to the highef regions of geo- 
metry, when the hand of death te 
at twenty-feven years of age. 
§ Leonard Euler was born at Bafil, in. 
1707. An irrefiftible attra@tion early urged 
him to the mathematics. Having been called 
to Peterfburgh he foon enriched the Acades 
mical Colle€tions of that metropolis with a 
great number of memoirs. In 1741, the 
King of Pruffa invited him to Berlin, where 
ee lived -feveral years with that monarch. 
n his return to Petérfburg, he was attack- 
ed with a violent diforder, which deprived 
him of fight. But that misfortune did not 
abate the activity and fecundity of his ge- 
nius, and he continued his labours till his 
Grats which took place in 1783. All the 
works of Euler bear the ftamp of genius, and: 
marks of the moi profound knowledge. 
| Ernfroy Walter de Tfchirmmhaufen was 
defcended of an ancient family, and was- 
born in 1651, at Killingfwald, @ manor be- 
longing to his’ father, 4 in Lufatia. He made 
fome campaigns in the Detch fervice, and 
about the year 1572 entered on his travels,’ 
He vifited Paris, for the third time, in 1682, 
and was numbered among the members of 
the Academy of Sciences. 
to his native country, he made ftudy his 
principal occupation, He died in the end of 
the year 1708. ia 
Abraham 
After his return. 
