1802. ] New Patents 
animals, the brain is larger in proportion 
to the f{pinal-marrow, and that again is 
larger in proportion to the nerves con- 
nected with it;—-that the intellectual 
powers of animals correfpond in extent 
with the proportion of the brain to the 
ve(t of the nervous fyfiem and. the per- 
fection of its organization; whilft the 
acutenefs of fen{ation, and the force and 
rapidity of voluntary mution appear to 
depend upon the proportion of nerve, dif- 
“tributed to the organs of fenfe and volun- 
tary motion, rather than on the proportion 
of brain :—that all animals as large as 
man, have larger nerves and greater 
ftrength:—that fifhes, which have {mall . 
brains, have very acute feeling, and move 
with great rapidity and force. — 
The fecond part,of this paper is on the 
original defeéts in the nervous fyftem of 
the human fpecies\; in which are adduced 
various inftances of monftrous births: and 
The third eflay is on the influence of 
original defeéts in the nervous fyftem of 
man on fenfation and voluntary motion. 
From this paper he concludes—1. That 
every perfeét animal poflefles the powers 
lately enrolled. 155 
of fenfation and voluntary motion—z. 
That infants born deftitute of brain, or 
veven of brain and {pinal-marrow, poffefs 
thefe important faculties—3. That the 
Je@tus in utero is neither deftitute of fen- 
fation, nor of voluntary motion—and 4. 
That the power of aétion in the arteries 
and veins is derived from a nervous ener- 
gy, independently of brain, f{pinal-mar- 
row, or even evident and diftinét nerves. 
The following obfervation in Mr. Tao- 
MAS BaRRIT’s Accountof Antiques found 
in the river Ribble is worthy of atten- 
tion:—‘* No. 12 is aring of brafs, with 
-a bluith fort of a bead upon it, which Iam 
inclined to thinky was the bracelet of a 
Britifh or Roman lady, and the beads 
upon it the amulet or charm to proteét the 
wearer from misfortunes or injuries, and 
to procure the favour of lovers and fupe- 
riors. his idea, I think, was the origin 
of precious {tones being afterwards fet in 
rings. Several authors, as late as the 
15th century, wrote upon the virtues of 
fiones, and afcribed to them qualities 
which, at this day, every one is not in- 
clined to believe they poffefs.”” 
NEW PATENTS LATELY ENROLLED. 
MR. BENJAMIN HAWKINS’s (RED-LION- 
STREET, CLERKENWELL) for anew 
floating MILL or ENGINE, to be worked 
by TIDES or CURRENTS Of WATER, for 
grinding all forts of GRAIN, and various 
othey PURPOSES. 
7 ‘HIS invention confifts in convertinga 
fhip, brig, floop, or other veffel pro- 
per for the purpofe, into a floating water- 
mill, and.obtaining fufficient power to 
work the mill for grinding all forts of 
grain, by the application of a fufhcient 
number of water-wheels to the hull of the 
fhip or veflel, in a proper manner to be 
acted upon by the tide or current, fo as to 
give the wheels a rotatory motion, and by 
conneéting them. with proper machinery. 
When the fhip or mill is to be ftation- 
tary, it mult be made faft, fo as to {wing 
with the tide when neceflary; but the mill 
may be worked whilft the veffel in which 
jt is erected is failing. The number and 
fize of the wheels may be varied in propor- 
tion to the fize of the veflel, the ftrength 
of the current, and the power required : 
and the wheels may be conftruéted as in 
common cates, or with folding floats, for 
tite more readily freeing them from the 
water. They may alfo be placed in a verti- 
re 
y 
cal, horizontal, or oblique dire&tion. The 
water wheels may extend into the water 
from three to eight feet : they fhould be 
fo conneéted as to be eafily engaged with, 
or difengaged from, each other, fo that 
‘during the weak part of the tide they may 
all be made to act on one pair of miill- 
ftones, if neceflary, and, as the firength of 
the tide increafes, more ftones or other ma- 
chinery may be put in motion, fo as at ail 
times to do bufinefs in proporticn there- 
to. 
eae 
MR. HENRY TICKELL'S (MANSELL- STR. 
WHITECHAPEL) fer an APPARATUS 
cr METHOD of more effectually difolving 
and extradiing the VIRTUES and pre- 
Jerving the effential O1L of HOPS, MALT, 
and other vegetable SUBSTANCES ufed 
in brewing, diftilling, dying, and fugar- 
refining, and difolving animal suB- 
STANCES in making soaP, and which 
is alfo ufeful and applicable to various 
other chemical PROCESSES. 
Theapparatus defcribed in the fpecifica- 
tion of this patent is very extenfive, and 
accompanied with a variety of figures, 
without the affiftance of which it is im- 
poffible to explain the feveral principles of 
D2 tle 
