396 
nermoft parts of the country, but its real 
fource has not yet been explored. No 
preceding traveller has proceeded fo far 
up this-river as Father Girval: having 
reached its confluence with the Pachitea, 
he failed fifty-three leagues up the latter. 
He every where found fifth and wild ani- 
mals in abundance. The fertile banks 
of the Ucayali are occupied by friendly 
tribes, almoft all of which fpeak the fame 
language. At its confluence with the 
Marannon, its principal branch is a hun- 
dred varas deep; and, in the middle of 
furimer, it extends in breadth from ten to 
twelve quadras. It defcends from the 
fame part of the mountains as the River 
Beni, pafles through the Pampadel Sacra- 
mento, and is navigable with middle-fized 
boats for more than 400 leagues down to 
its junction with the Marannon. Eight 
navigable rivers, which take their rife in 
the fnow-covered monntains of the Cordil- 
leras, pour their tribu:ary waiters into the 
Ucayali, viz. the Besi, Quillabamba or 
Paucartambo, Apurimac, Abancay or 
Andahuaylas, Papas or Cocharcar, Xauxa 
or Mautaro, Tarma, and the pleafant Pa- 
chitea. This laft-mentioned river is like- 
wife formed by the union of feveral other 
fireams, fmaller, indeed, but yet navigable 
up to their fources. From the mouth of 
the Pachitea, tothe piace where it flows 
into the Marannon, the Ucayali purtues, 
by more than ninety-five large windings, 
a circuitous courfe of more than 300 
Jeagues, forming, in its progrefs, 132 
iflands. There are likewife, on the eaf- 
tern fide of this river, fixty-eight, and, 
on the weltern, eighty-eight, inlets, ex- 
tending a confiderable way into the coun- 
try. Itrequires thirty days to fail up the 
Ucayali, from its confluence with the Ma- 
rannon, to the influx of the Pachitea; 
but in veflels defcending the fiream the 
fame voyage may be performed in ten 
days. 
The Huallaga is 2 copious ftream, and 
navigable: but there are many dangerous 
places init. It defcends from the coun- 
try near Pafco, and falls into the Maran- 
non twenty leagues below the lake of 
Gran Cocama. Ot the thirty rivers which 
it receives in its courfe, thirteen are dif- 
tinguifhed above the oihers for their mag- 
nitude, viz. the Huanuco, the Monzon, 
the Tulumayo, Tocachi, Mifello, at the 
fources of which a confiderable quantity 
of gold is found ; the Huancabamba, Moyo- 
bamba, + Lima,i Chipurana, Gaymaray, 
Sannuli, Paranapuras, and the Aype- 
BaSe 
Interefting Defeription of the Montanna Real. 
[ Dec. ls 
The majeftic Marannon, or Amazon 
River, rifes out of the Lake Launcocha, 
fituated in the province of Tarma, in 
10° 14! fouth latitude, and ten leagues to 
the north of Pafco. It firlt dire&ts its 
courfe, from north to fouth, through the 
provinces of Patay, Caxamarquilla, and 
Chachapoyas ; and then, in latitude 
4° 30’, winds, ina circuit of ten leagues, 
from welt to eaft ; having now penetrated 
through the laft ridge of mountains, it 
becomes navigable, and continues fo to its 
entrance into the fea. During its long 
courfe, it receives a great number of large. 
rivers, which defcend from the Peruvian 
mountains in the fouth, or from the moun- 
tains of Quito inthenorth, By the union of 
fuch vat bodies of water, the Marannon 
fwells at laft to fuch an enormous magni- 
tude, that, near its mouth, its breadth is 
eftimated at more than eighty Spanifh. 
miles. On the banks of the Marannon, 
twelve peoples are fettled. Their names, 
and the diftances of their habitations from 
Sabitinga, are as follow:—The Spanith 
frontier-garrifon, Lorete, is diftant from 
Sabatinga twelve leagues; el Pueblo de 
Pebas, feventy-four ; el Pueblo de Nabo,: 
104; el Pueblo de Iquitos, 132; el de 
Omaguas, 154; the mouth of the Uca- 
vali, 164.3 el’Pueblode San Regisy 184 5 
el de Urarinas, 224; the mouth of the: 
Huallaga, 234. 
Befides the Cordillera Real, which ex- 
tends from Potofi to the Marannon, north 
of Chachapoyas, there are numbers of 
other Cordilleras, which branch eut from 
the main fiem into the intertor of the 
Montanna. They are not indeed, like 
the former, covered with {now ; ftill, hew- 
ever, the cold is very fenfibly felt in its 
neighbourhood. The firft of thefe fe- 
condary Cordilleras, which, notwithftand- 
ing its diftance from the main ridge, rifes - 
to a very confiderable height, lies between. 
the Yabari and Ucayali, or. the land of 
the Mojos, and the River Beni. The fe- 
cond declines, from north to fouth, be- 
twixt Callas and Carabay, and divides the 
Beni from the Quillabamba, as far as the 
confluence of the latter with the Tarma. ' 
A third Cordiliefa ftretches about a hun- 
dred leagues, from weft to eaft, between 
the fources of the Rivers Tarma and Pa- 
chitea, as far as the jua@ion of the Beni 
with the Apurimac. Here it changes its 
direction, turning, for nearly feventy 
leagues, towards the north, as far as the 
heights of S. Carles. In this direction, 
it follows the courfe of the Ucayali. 
There is a fourth Cordillera between the 
Rivers 
