\ 
59 
and qualify themfelves for the office .of 
profeilors in the univerfities lately found- 
ed in Ruffia. 
Onthe eftate of Count N. S. Ruman- 
ZOFF, tn the Ukraine,  feveral. experi- 
ments have been made by Dr. Heinze, 
which prove the good ef éts of vaccina- 
tio upon fheep. Dr. Heinze inoculated 
more thanthree thouiand cf thefe animals 
with the cow-pock, and thus fecured therm 
from a contagious diftemper which proved 
mortal to the flocks of the furrovnding 
diftriés, and, even in the place where the 
experiment was made, to {uch of the fheep 
as had not been inoculated. ’ 
Since the acceflion of Alexander, the 
feiences begin torevivein Ruffia; andthe 
bo. k-trade is carried on with confiderable 
fpirit. M. KaraMsin, author of an in- 
terelfling work, entitled Letters of a Ruf- 
fian ‘Fravller, an Englith tranflation of 
which is in the prefs, has written an Elogy 
ofthe lateEmprefs Catherine II. for which, 
treugh only filling twelve printed pages,the 
beokfellers Akachow and Kolurew paid 
him twelve thoufand roubles, or three hun- 
dred ducats. The whole of the firft edi- 
tion, confilting of three thoufand copies, 
(at two roubles each,) was fold ina few 
days. The author had dedicated this Elo- 
gy to the Emperor Alexander, who in re- 
turn fent him a golden f{nuff-box, worth 
a thoufandrubles. This Elogy has been 
tranflated into German by J. Ricnrer, 
at Mofcow. 
The fame Karamfin- has publithed, 
fince the beginning of the year 18023; a 
Journal, entitled the Advertizer, (/Ve/f- 
nick Fearopu), which is filled chiefly with 
tranflations from the German, French, 
and Englifh Journals, and a few pieces by 
the editor and his literary friends. Two 
numbers are publifhed every month, each 
containing one hundred pages in 8yo 3; and 
M. Lubi and Gari, printers and booklfel- 
lers to the univerfity, allow five thoufand 
roubles to Mr. Karamfin for his care and 
trouble as editor, betides furnifhing all tbe 
requifire foreign journals. ‘I'wo other 
journals are publifhed at Mofcow, one of 
them calied The Political Journal, the 
other, Literary News of Roffia. The 
Political Journal, edited by Meflrs.’ Sa- 
chazky and Gabriloff, was formerly 
merely a tranflation of the Courier of Al- 
tona ; but fince the year 1802, they have . 
begun to enrich it with articles taken 
from Archenholz’s Minerva, and Poflclt’s 
Annales Politiques. A number of this 
journal appears every month. The Lite- 
2 
Literary and Philofophical Intelligence. 
| [Aug 8, 
rary News of Ruffia, edited by the fame 
Mr. Sachazky, contains tranflations from 
ancient and modern Janguages, pcetical 
extracts, &c. Two theets are publithed 
every week. 
There lately appeared at Mofcow, Tra- 
vels in the Southern Provinces of Ruflia, 
by M. IsmaiLow, in two volumes otta- 
vo. This work, which ts faid to be writ- 
ten in the maaner of Dupaty, contains 
curious notices and information relative te 
Kiow, Pultawa, Cherfon, Gczakow, Odel- 
fa, the celebrated traveller M. Pallas, 
the Crimea, Aftracan, the colony of the 
Herrenhuters, or Moravian Brethren, at 
Sarepta, &c. ‘This may be confidered as 
a fequel to Sumarokow’s Travels in the 
Crimea and Beffarabia, which was tran{- 
Jated into German by J. Richter. This 
Mr. Ricliter has begun a Ruffian Mifcel - 
lany, which, fince the beginning of 18035 - 
is publifhed in Ge:man by Hariknoch, of 
Leipzig. Four numbers are, to appear 
every year. The firft number, for in- 
ftance; contains fragments of a poem en- 
titled the Roffiade, by Cherafkow, Popu- 
lar Ruffian Tales, and detailed Accounts 
of the prefent {tate of Ruffian Literature. 
In a plain, in the diftriét of Caftel Nuo- 
vo, on the confines of the Italian Repub- 
lic, a vaft quantity of bituminous wood 
has lately been difcovered. It is fituated 
in a foil tormed of argillaceous and calca- 
reous ftrata of greater or lefs depth, and 
very irregular through their whole extent- 
The nature of the foffilas weil as the dif- . 
pofition of the foil, prove that thefe ftrata 
muft have been formed by fome great con- 
vuifion which deftroyed and overwhelmed 
whole forefts. In fome places this wood 
is {carcely covered by the foil, and ftill 
preferves its original form. It is not fo 
brittle as coal, and if {awed perpendicu- 
larly to the axis of the trunks it prefents 
a folid and {mooth furface. It takes fire 
readily without the aid of other combuf- 
tibles, and gives a bright clear fame whilft 
burning. The heat it produces is more 
powerful and fteady than that of any other 
vegetable charcoal; and when once 
lighted it never goes out till entirely con- 
fumed, and leaves but a {mall quantity of 
afhes. It poffefles this fingular property, 
that it is capable of being employed for 
turnery work with the greateft facility, 
and that it thereby acquires a polifh and 
brightnefs which render it far fuperior to 
ebony. It isa good conductor of elec- 
tricity. y 
ACCOUNT 
