CAB ahs 
[Aug. I, 
_NEW PATENTS LATELY ENROLLED. 
—=ee 
MR. BENJAMIN HADEN’6 (SEDGLEY, 
STAFFORDSHIRE) for az_Inprove- 
ment in the Manufacture of BAGGING, 
for Packing of Nails, and o:her Pur- 
pofes. 
N this improvement the Patentee takes 
_ for his warp hurds or tow, prepared in 
the ufuai way, fuch as are at prefent ufcd 
in making nail-bagging, but for his weft, 
or woofs, he takes old ropes, or junk, of 
any dimenfions ; and after untwiting, or 
dividing the threads, he winds them into 
bobbins, or quills, and they then become 
ft for the fhuttle, when they are woven 
with the common warp. 
This new mode of manufacture is not 
confined to nail-bagging, but may be ufed 
with advantage for bagging for coals, 
cokes, and other purpofes, in which 
ftrength and durability are required. 
Objfervations by the Patentee —TYhe yarn 
of which ropes are made, particularly 
King’s ropes, is fpun from the beft hemp, 
ftrongly impregnated with tar. The 
threads taken from the middle of fach 
ropes, not having been expofed either 
to the weather or to fri€tion, are as 
found as when firft ufed, and little inferior 
to new. The tarry-matter with which 
the threads are impregnated, renders them 
peculiarly advantageous for coal-facks, as 
not being liable to perifh with the wet. 
a 
MR. JONATHAN WOODHOUSE’S (ASH- 
BY-DE-La-Z0OUCH) for a new Method 
of forming @ CAST-IRON RAIL, or 
PLATE, which may be ufed in n.aking 
Iron Rail Roads, or Trays for the Work- 
sug and Running of Waggons, Drays, 
and other Carriages, on Pudlic Roads: 
and alfo a new Method of fixing, fafien- 
ing, and fecuring, fuch Caft-Iron Rail 
on fuch Roads. 
The novelty of this mvention confifts 
to making the rail, or plate with a con- 
eave lurface ; and the method of fixing, 
éaftening, and fecuring, the caft-iron rails, 
or plates, is to plice them on bearings, at 
convenient diftances, which are to be fixed 
firm and folid in the earth, and to faften 
the rails, or plates, to fuch bearings, with 
wrought-iron fcrews, or cutter-bolts.— 
Thele bearings may be made of timber, . 
ftone, caft-iron, or wood-piles ; and if 
the plates be properly fixed, and the road 
made even with the furface of the external 
edges of the plates, either with ftone, gra- 
vel, or wood, they will be immoveable, 
and the wheels of carriages ufed, will pafs 
along with great facility. The concave 
form of the plates, and mode of fixing, 
will fecure them from breaking, and admit 
the wheels of carriages to get upon, or 
from them, with eafe in any direétion. 
On aroad made in this way, two horfes 
would, in Mr. Woodhoule’s opinion, 
convey amail coach more than eight miles 
an hour, as eafy as the prelent mails are 
conveyed fix miles an hour by four horfes. 
The conveyance would be nearly as ealy 
as that on board a fhip: it would be the 
fafeft of all roads, and would admit of 
wheels of any diameter. 
It may, however, be conjeétured, that 
as there are few general advantages to be 
obrained without fome inconvenience, fe 
the utility of thefe concave plates would 
be greatly leffened by the continual filling- 
up of the fand, gravel, &c. in which they 
may be fixed. | aa 
MR. WILLIAM SPEER’S (DUBLIN) for 
an Improwement in the Confiruction of 
HYDROMETERS. ; 
The advantages of. this improvement 
confilt in the figure and method of graduat-_ 
ing the ftem, by means of which the gra- 
duations of the ftrength of {pirits, at any 
known temperature, can be feen at once, 
by immerfion of the inftrument, without 
neceflity of changing the weights, by trial, 
or making any computations, or reterring 
to any tables, or fliding-rule, or other in- 
firument whatever. The ftem is con- 
ftru&ed in the ferm of a polygonal prifm, 
of fuch dimenfions, that the whole of the 
ftem fhall float above the furface of water 
at the temperature of 35° Fahrenheit. 
And the furface of the water fhall inter- 
fect the lowett line of graduation upon one 
of the faces of the prifm;—on this face 
lines of graduation are marked at the fe- 
veial ftations to which the inftrument has 
been found to be immerfed, and to float in 
known mixtures of water and ardent fpirit, 
at different ftrengths, at the temperature 
of 35° above or under proof, up to the 
ftrongeft which can be produced by diftil- 
lation. The graduations marked on the 
ftem denote the refults, or ftrengths, com- 
monly known by the term per centages,* 
which 
*A fpirituous liquor is faid to betenpercent. 
or any other given quantity, over hydrome- 
ter-proof, when it is fo ftrong that 100 gal- 
lons of fpirit admits of an addition of 10 gal- 
lons of water to reduce it te the ftrength of 
er proof ; 
