1803. ] 
when heated with the nitric acid gave 
a caout-chouc, of a balfamic odour, but 
which, infead of being canftic and hurtful, 
like ajl other vegetable milks, is nourifh- ~ 
ing, and agreeable to the tafte. He dif- 
covered it in the road to Oronoko, ina 
plantation,where the Negroes drink a great 
deal of it. So attentive have he and his 
companions been to every thing that re- 
lates to plants, that he fays, ** Of every 
vegetable we can indicate the rock where 
it refides, and the height in toifes at which 
it grows, fo that in our manufcripts will be 
found very correct materials for the geo- 
graphy of plants? 
The following is the method adopted in 
Germany and Sweden for making artif- 
cial yeaft. ‘* To one hundred pounds of 
the beft malt, confitting of one part of 
malted wheat, and two parts of malted 
barley, dried in the open air, and well 
ground or bruifed, add ten pounds of 
good hops, and brew the mixture with 
350 pounds of water toform wort. After 
a fhort boiling feparate the grains and 
hops from the wort, which laft by cen- 
tinued boiling may be reduced to 175\bs. 
Cool it down as foon as poffible to 70° 
Pahrenbeit, and then mix it with 32lbs. 
of yealt, which the firft time may be of 
common brewer’s yealt, but in every fub- 
fequent operation, of the artificial, The 
wort will foon ferment, and in a few 
hours it will be covered with a thick 
_ yealty froth; the whole mafs muft then 
be ttrongly agitated, and, at the fame 
time, weil mixed with from 50 to 7510. 
of fine ground meal of wheat or bailey, 
either malted or unmalted. In a cool 
place this yeaft will keep ten or fifteen 
days in fummer, asd four or five weeks 
in winter.’ Tt is faid to be as good as 
the beft common yealt for the ule of 
brewers, diftillers, bakers, and paltry cooks. 
From fome experiments made by M. 
Rirrer, of Jena, on the invifible rays 
of the folar fpeétrum, he concludes that 
there exilts without the {pe&trum, and at 
its two extremities, invihble rays which 
poffels the property of affifting oxigenation, 
and difoxigenation. He has alfo obferved 
a fingular coincidence between theie et- 
fects, and thofe of Galvanifm ; for the 
eye, when placed in contaét with the me- 
gative conductor of tlie pile, fees every 
object red : but if placed againft the pof- 
tive condudtor, it fees ttiem blue; whence 
there appears to reult an analogy between 
- the aStion of the negative electricity and 
that of red light, and of the pofitive and 
the violet light. 
The corvette Naturaliffe, 
Captain Bauoin, the French cireumna- 
vigator fent to Eurepe from the Molucca 
Literary and Philsfophical Intelligen:e. 
which | 
163 
iflands, is arrived fafe at Havre, with 
140° chefts full of natural curiofities. 
Gen. Morrier has addreffed a letter 
to the Univerfity of Gottingen, affuring 
the Members thereof of the fpecial pro- 
tection of the French, and that the din 
of arms fhould not interrupt their literary 
labours. 
From the Catalogue Syftématique et 
raifonné de Ja Literature Frangaile, pub- 
lifhed by Cit. Treutre., we learn, that 
in the courfe of the year 1802, there were 
printed in that country 13a1r new works, 
of which 148 belonged to the clafs of no-’ 
vels and romances ! : 
In the departments of des Landes and 
de |’Heraut. in France, they have begun 
to cultivate an oleaginous plant, called 
Arachide, and belonging to the family of 
legumes (Arachis Hypog@a.) The Spa- 
niards brought it from America, and the 
French obtained it from Spain. It is 
afflerted, that the feeds of it yield more 
than half their weight of an oil, which 
is fit to be ufed in food, to be burned in 
lamps, or employed inthe arts, The 
crop is not expofed to fo much danger 
trom the weather, or fo liable to fail, as 
that of the olive or walnut-tree. An 
ounce of the oil of the Arachis, in a 
lamp with a rufh wick a line and a half 
in diameter, burned g bours and 26 mi- 
nutes. An ounce of olive-oi! in a lamp, 
with a wick of the fame fize, lafted only 8 
hours. It is likewife fupesior in this 
tefpe&t to other fpecies of oi]. It may 
fupply the place of the beft ofive-oil for 
cuiimary and other purpofes of domettic 
economy, and itis foundto be more proper 
than any other for the manufa&ture of foap, 
The city of Motcow begins to rival Pe- 
terfburg in tafe and the magnificence of 
its public amuiements. Laft winter feve- 
ral Italian operas were exhibited there s 
and among others the Alcette of Gluck, 
and the Zenobia at Palmyra, of Anfoffi. . 
The expences of thefe two operas amount- 
ed to 590,000 roubles. 
In« fous: on the chymical nature of 
ants, &c. by Citizen A. F. Fourcroy, 
inferted in the fifth number of the Annals 
of the National Muleum of Natural Hif- 
tory at Paris, the author obferves, that, 
confi: ering all that has been written on 
the tubjeét. of the acid of ants, it would 
fcem difficult to produce any thing new 5 
this, however, he has attempted, and ex- 
ecuted, by the following important difco- 
very :—that the fkeleton'of ants is formed, 
like that of hot-blooded animals, of phof- 
phate of lime: tiat they are, moreover, : 
formed of a great quantity of carbone 
united to a fmail quantity of hyd:ogene, 
and toa little oxygene ; and that they con- 
2 tain 
