> 
1603. ] 
being beaten, loft his kingdome. Pericles, 
though the Lacedzmonians burnt all in 
Attica, to the gates of Athens, yet could 
not be drawn to hazard a battell: for the 
invaded ought, evermore, to fight upon 
the advantage of time and place. Be- 
caufe we read hiftories to inform our un- 
derftanding by examples therein found, 
we will give fome inftances of thofe that 
have perifhed by adventuring in their own 
countries to charge an invading armie. 
“¢ ‘The Romans, by fighting with Hanni- 
bal, were brought to the brink of their 
deltruction. 
<¢ Pompey was well advifed for a while, 
when he gave Czfar ground ; but when, 
by the importunity of his captains, he 
adventured to fight at Pharfalia, he loft 
the battell, loft the freedom of Rome, and 
loft his own life, 
‘¢ Ferdinand, in the conqueft of Naples, 
would needs fight a battell with the 
French, to his confufion, though it was 
told him by a man of found judgement, 
that thofe councels which promife furely 
in all things, are honourable enough, 
«© TheConftable of France made fruftrate 
the mighty preparation of Charles the 
fifth, when he invaded Provence, by waft- 
ing the countrie, and forbearing to fight ; 
fo did the Duke of Alva wearie the 
French in Naples, and difolve the boift- 
rous army of the Prince of Orange, in 
the Low Countries. 
© TheLeigers, contrary to the advice of 
their ge erall, would needs fight a battell 
with the Bourgonisns, invading their 
country, and could not be perfuaded to 
linger the time, and ftay their advantages ; 
but they loft eight-and-twenty thouland 
upon the place. 
upon King Edward at Creffie; and King 
John, when the Englifh were well-near 
tired out, and would in fhort time by an 
orderly purfuit have been’ wafted to no- 
thing, conftrained the Black Prince, with 
great fury, near Poitiers, to join battell 
with him ; but all men know what la- 
mentable fucceffes thefe two French kings 
found. Charles the fifth, of France, made 
another kind of Fabian-wayfare ; and 
though the Englith burnt and wafted many 
places, yet this king held his refolution to 
forbear blowes, and follow his advice, 
which told him, that the Englith could 
never get his inheritance by fmoak ; and 
it is reported by Belloy and Herrault, that 
King Edward was wont “to fay of this 
Charles, that he wan from him the dutchy 
of Guyen without ever putting on his 
armour. 
' « The courfe which Memnon had pro- 
Reply to Common Senfe on Invafion. 
Philip of Valois fet- 
325 
pounded, muft, in all appearance.of rea- 
fon, have brought the Macedonian toa 
great perplexity, and made him ftand ftill 
a while at the Streights of Cilicia, doubt- 
ing whether it were more fhameful to re- 
turn or dangerous to proceed. For, had 
Cappadocia and Paphlagonia been waited 
whiie Alexander was far off ; and the 
Streights of Cilicia been defended by Ar- 
fenes, governour of that province, with 
the beft of his forces ; hunger would not 
have fuffered the enemy to ftay the triall 
of all means that might be thought upon, 
of forcing that paflage ; or, if the place 
could not have been maintaines, yet might 
Cilicia, at better leifure, have been fo 
thoroughly fpoiled that the heart of his 
army fhould have been broken, by feek- 
ing out miferies by painful travell.”’* 
It is needlefs to obferve that this rea- 
foning of cur military hiftorian and phi- 
lofopher does not extend to the refiftance 
to be made by our navy, gun-boats, and 
batteries on the fea-thore, but to the mode 
of conducting a defenfive war, in cafe that 
the enemy fhould, after ali, notwithftand- 
our valt {uperiovity at fea, be able to effect 
a landing. 
As the great Raleigh fhews us how to 
conduét our military operations: at the 
prefent crifis, fo he alfo encourages us in 
the moft perfuafive manner to meet the 
French in arms, boldly, and with the moft 
confident affurance of fuccefs. He ob- 
ferves, that neither Rome nor all the world 
befides, had ever fo brave and fkilfull a com- 
amander as Julius Celar, and that no Ro- 
man army was comparable to that which 
ferved under the fame Cefar, that. the 
country of the barbarous and ignorant 
Gauls, when invaded by Celfar, was rent 
into fundry lordfhips; “and that the 
Gauls were conquered fince by a people 
braver than themfelves, the Franks. He 
compares the moft {plendid atchievements 
of the Romans in France, with the things 
performed in the fame country by our 
common Englifh foldiers, under our 
HeENRys and Epwarns, levied in hatte 
from following the cart, or firting on the 
fhop-ftall ; and concludes, on the whole, 
«Phat the military vertue of the Englifh 
prevailing againit all manner of difhcul- 
ties, ought to be preferred befure that of 
the Romans, which was affitted with alk 
the advantages that could be defired.— 
Why did not the Romans attempt the 
conquelt of Gauie before the time of 
Ceelar >—Surely, the words of Tully were 
= Raleigh's liftory of the World, bools 
iv, chap..2. fec. 3. Py Yee 
2 ae 
true; 
