1804. ] 
The filtered liquor is to be boiled till a 
ftrong pellicle is formed, which will be 
chiefly fulphate of potath, as the tafte will 
indicate, being very infoluble in the 
mouth, and feeling like fand between the 
teeth. When fulphate of potath appears 
firft, which is known from the pellicle, 
it is to be boiled flowly, taking out the 
falt as it falls to the bottom of the pan.— 
The tafting is to be continued, to difco- 
ver when it is formed of muriate of pot- 
afh, which is the next falt that appears, 
and is known by its frong fale and bitter 
tafte. The fire is then to bedrawn, and 
the liquor allowed to be ftill for ten mi- 
nutes. The {alt now falien will be ful- 
phate of potath, which is to be taken 
away. The remaining liquor, when 
cold, is again to be boiled till a pellicle is 
formed, and then returned into the cool- 
er, having firft taken out of the coolcr all 
the cryfals of muriate of potafh formed 
‘in the laft cooling. “They muft be put 
into a box, or befket, to drain dry, and 
then they are in a proper ftate to be ufed 
by the alum-manufa&urer, Boiling and 
cooling is to be repeated till no more mu- 
riate of potafh is obtained. The re- 
mainder is dried down, and confilts of 
carbonate of foda, fome fulphate of toda, 
and a little muriate of foda, 
Secondly. —The fulphate of potath is 
decompoled, by taking its weight of car- 
bonaceous matter and m xing them weil 
together ; then putting them into a re- 
verberating furnace, till they are in a 
{tate of comple e fufion ; after which it 
may be concentrated as in the former ar- 
ticle ; there will be fome undccompofed 
fulphate and fulphite of potath, as the 
only neutral faits which will be precipi- 
tated by boiling. The remaining liquor 
to be dried down, will confilt of carbonate 
of potath. 
Sulphate of foda is to be decompofed 
by the fame method as fulphate of pot- 
afh. After which it is to be Jixiviated, 
filtered, and boiled, till a pellicle is form- 
ed, and then put into a cool dry 
_ place, and in a few days there will be 
eryitals of foda. The liquor mutt be 
drawn from them, and seturned to he 
boiled, and again cooled ; this is to be 
repeated till no more cryf{tals of foda are 
produced. The remaining liquors will 
confift of fulphate of foda, and fulphite 
of foda, to be dricd down, and again put 
into the furnace with carbonaceous mat- 
ters. 
Thirdly.—Sometimes muriate of pot- 
afh will be found in the cooler uncrytial- 
_ hized ; in that cafe it is tobe diffolved in 
New Patents lately enrolled. 
5.35 
water to a cryftallizing pitch, and turned 
into a cooler, and cryftals of muriate of 
potafh will be obtained. 
Fourthly. —To feparate the neutral 
falts contained in foap-maker’s {pent ley, 
it isto be filtered and boiled, to take 
away the fulphate of potafh. Then the 
liquor is to be cooled, 2nd boiled, till ne 
more muriate of potafh is obtained, as in 
the firft article. The liguor will then 
confit of fulphate of foda, and a little 
muriate of foda, to be dried down and 
decompofed, 
Fifthly.—The fulphate of potafh and 
foda contained in foap-maker’s {pent ley, 
is decompoied and concentrated as in the 
firft and fecond articles. 
Sixthly.—In applying the concentrated © 
alkalies to foap-making, nothing is want- 
ing but to caufticize them with half their 
weight of quick-iime, and ufe theley at 
a ftrength that will eafily unite with tal- 
low. 
In applying the concentrated alkalies to 
bleaching, they are to be caufticized with 
half their weight of quick lime, and a ley 
made which is to be boiled down toa dry 
falt, and kept clofe for ufe. When 
wanted as pearl-afhes, nothing more is 
to be done than to put them in a 
reverberating furnace, and keep firring 
them well till they come nearly to fulion ; 
they may then be taken cut and uled.— 
The muriate of potafh cryftallized is the 
moft advantageous way of ufing it in the 
making of alum, and no falt produces 
more alum than it, except carbonate of 
potafh when pure. The muriate of pot- 
ath is to be ufed in the procefs of alum- 
making as carbonate of potafh. 
MR. JAMES STUARD’S, (STEPNEY,) for 
& METHOD fo firengthen sHIPS or 
FLOATING-VESSELS. 
The ale of this invention is to preferve 
life and property, by making a fhip muclr 
ffronger than on the common conftrue-: 
ticn ; fo that fhould fhe, by ftrefs of wea- 
ther, be ¢riven on fhore, the will keep 
upright, and be better able to refitt dan- 
ger; which is effected by laying a keel 
on each fide the middle line, diftant from 
it, including the thickneis thereof, one 
fixth of the average breadth at loading 
drait of water, or a little more or lefs, 
according to the fullnefs or fharpnefs of 
the fhip. 
Objervations by the Patentce.—A thip 
thus fecured from ftraining, is more 
likely not to work her plank Icofe, which 
ofien occafions foundering ; and if by 
ftrels 
