Retrafpe? of French Literature. —Mifcellaneaus,- 
immorality with which whole nations 
are fometimes affected during difaftrous 
periods, and which diffevers all the ties 
of focial order. 
‘© yo. Religion would be a bleffing 
were it for nothing elfe than becaufe it 
opens the gates of futurity. The idea 
of eternity affords confolation for the 
rapidity of life. 
«© yr. The moft vicious of all confti- 
tutions is that which produces abufes 
even when the public authority is en- 
trufted to pure hands.” 
‘s Hiftoire de la Mefure du Temps 
par les Horloges; par FERDINAND 
BertTuoup,” &c—An Eflay on the 
Meafurement of Time by Means of 
Machinery ; by FerRpiNaND Ber- 
THOUD, Member of the National In- 
ftitute of France and the Royal Society 
of London. 2 vols. 4to. with plates. 
The author of this work 1s a cele- 
brated watchmaker of Paris, long fince 
diftinguifhed for his invention of ma- 
rine-time-keepers, as well as his ‘¢ Effai 
fur ’Horlogerie,”” pubiifhed in 1763 ; 
his ** Traité des Horloges Marines,” 
which appeared in 1773 ; his work en- 
titled ** Dela Mefure du Temps,” in 
¥792; and his ** Traité des Montres a 
Longitudes,” in 1797. ee 
After having exhibited a theory of 
the conftruétion and execution of all 
the parts of fuch machines as are dedi- 
cated to the meafurement of time, he 
prefents his readers with a collection of 
the moft important inventions, both 
ancient and modern, for the attainment 
of this great defideratum. 
The firft volume contains an account 
of the different kinds of water-clocks, 
or clypfedras, the folar time-keepers of 
the ancients, the recent invention of 
mechanical clocks and watches, aftro- 
nomical clocks with pendulums, &c. 
éc. 
' The fecond prefents us with a dif- 
fertation on the recent improvements 
that have take place in the manufac- 
Aureof clocks and watches, a defcrip- 
tion of the principal inftruments made 
ufe of in the art, an account of the 
various authors who have written on 
the fubjeét, and a definition of the 
‘technical terms made uie of among 
workmen. — 
<¢ Obfervations fur le Mémoire du 
Général Lloyd, concernant PInvafion 
& la Defenfe de ja Grande Bretagne,” 
&c.—Obfervations on the Memoir of 
General Lioyd, concerning the Inva- 
6353 
fion and Defence of Great Britain, by 
the Chief of Brigade GrosBErT. - 
The late General Lloyd, who ob- 
tained a confiderable rank in the fervice 
of France, was formerly employed by: 
the Government of that country in ac- 
quiring fuch information relative to 
the coafts of Great Britain as wonld 
enable the Pretender, whofe partizan 
he then was,.to invade this country 
with advantage and effect. Towards 
the latter part of his life, however, he 
became cefirous to return to his native 
land; and having drawn upa ftatement 
on purpofe to refute his former plans, 
he not only found an afylum here, but 
is fuppofed to have received a penfion 
here to relieve his necefflities, and re-. 
ward the zeal difplayed by him during 
the latter part of his life. 
As this Memorial, which was after- 
wards publifhed in form ofa pamphlet, 
has madea confiderable impreffion up- 
on Europe, Colonel Grofbert, who 
ferved lately in Egypt, and on his re- 
turn publifhed an Account of the pyra-. 
mids of Gizeh and the city of Cairo,. 
has been at great pains in his endea~ 
vours to refute the ilatements alluded 
to above. 
After fome refleétions on Lloyd, who 
is accufed of having fold his pen to 
the Englifh Miniftry torthe fum of five 
hundred guineas, he denies the affer- 
tion “ that a Continental alliance, to-« 
gether with a powerful navy and thirty, 
thoufand men, would conititute a fuf- 
ficient defence of Great Britain.” 
«cx. Becaufe the intervention of 
winds and currents might alter the def- 
pce of any fleet, however power- 
ful. 
«2, Becaufe the blockading fqua- 
drons employed to fhuc up the ports of 
France might be intimidated, ordriven: 
off, and a paffage effecied.” 
He is of opinion that the united. na- 
vies of France, Spain, and Holland, are 
fully fufficient to occupy the attention 
of ail the Englith men of wai employ- 
ed tofhut up the tranfports, gun-boats, 
&c. and that a favourable wind for 
croffing the narrow ieas occurs regue 
larly once a month. He agrees» bow- 
ever, with tiie General as to the extreme 
difficulty of effecting a debarkaiion on 
the fouth-weit coaft of En slana, and 
marching an army irom Piymouth to 
London; he theretore ayoids infiiting 
on that fubjedt, becaufe fuch a fchemie , 
would be replete with extravagance on 
4P2 the. 
