56 
and thefe form the bulk of the Pruffian 
cavalry: | There are many wild horfes in 
the government of Orenburg. ‘Thofe of 
the Ifle of Oetel are very fmall, but will 
Jong remain ferviceable. ‘There are fome 
hories in the fouth-weft previnces. of the 
empire; they coft from 50 to 70 roubles, 
willcarry from eight to ten quintals, and 
will travel nearly twenty leagues a-day. 
The commerce of herrings is pretty 
confiderable ; they import to the value of 
125,000 roubles from Holland, Sweden, 
and Denmark ; they export to the value 
ef 10,000 roubles. They export, like- 
wife, falmon, eels, lampreys, and, above 
all, fturgeon, after the ra‘e of 1%,000 
roubles. In 1791, there was exported of 
ifinglafs to the amount of 139,846 pounds 
weight. There are large quantities: of 
herrings in the White Sea, and other fith 
of nearly the fame defcription in the 
Black Sea, and in that of Azow, inthe 
Wolga, the Okka, and the Don; they 
{port there in large fhoals, and fome 
are even found in the Dnieper. 
Vegetables for dyeing are very abun- 
dant in Ruffia ; they import, however, to 
the amount of about 140,000 roubles, for 
madder, Brafil-wood, faffron, indigo, &c. 
The plant rudia tizciorum of Linneus 
stows in abundance in the parts about 
Aftracan, cn the banks of the Tereck, 
ef the Kuma, and of the Kura. There 
are in the country ot Aftracan, as like- 
wife in thofé of Orenburg, Kafan, Wo- 
ronefch, and Azow, wiid plants, which 
might very well -be ufed as fubftitutes for 
madder, and-efpecially the cruciata pa- 
huffris maxima. The Origanum, or wild- 
marjoram, yields a very fine crimfon.— 
The faffron-plant, which is ufed to the 
value cf more than 60co roubles, grows 
tpontaneoutly near Modofk, on the Cau- 
eafus, and onthe Tereck. Indigo is im- 
ported to the value of 50,000 roubles, 
and is exported into Afia to the value of 
60e,000 roubles. 
(adonis vernalis,) which is found be- 
tween the Woiga, the Dnieper, ‘and the 
Nerprum, gives to filk a colour equally 
beautiful) and durable ; the ycung leaves 
of the beuban, with alum, are made ufe 
of to dye woollen-ftuffs yellow. Thele 
plants and fhrebs cannot become articles of 
commerce, but the ufing them may pre- 
vent the importation of thefe fame colours 
from abroad. | 
Fine linen-yarn, the flax of which is 
bought in Ruffia, and which is frequently 
bleached with afhes brought from the 
fame country, finds its way back again. 
On the Confumption and Commerce of Ruffia. 
~ 
The broom, or furze, . 
[F eb. 1, 
at the rate of about 80 or 90,000 roubles, 
as well in cambrick as in lawn. Very 
good and very fine linen-cloth is made 
here, but it yields in whiteneis to that of 
Silefia. On the ifle of Oefel is a manu- 
fa&ure of cambrick, which has rifen to 
fome celebrity. As there is plenty of 
good and very fine rags, paper ought to 
be very fine here, and in great abundance ; 
they import, however, to the amount of 
33,000 roubles. The paper-mills of Li- 
vonia, and of the Mofkaw, work it pretty 
fine, but in very fmall quantities, not- 
withftanding the cold weather, which is 
very favourable tothe procefs. The pa- — 
per of Repin is tolerably good for com- 
mon ufe, but it is dear. Pretty large 
quantities are made, and very cheap, of 
common paper, fuch as blotting-paper, 
packing-paper, and pafteboard. Coloured 
and marbled-papers, which formerly came 
from abroad, have been manufaétured 
here for fome years paft. 
In raw cotton they import to the value 
of 30,000 roubles ; in cotton fpun, about 
10,000 ditto ; and in cotton-ftuffs, more 
than 1,000,000 of roubles. Roflia is, 
however, fupplied with the neceflary 
means of diminifhing this expence. The 
cotton-tree grows very well in Aftracan 
and in Orenburg. It is even cultivated 
at Kiflar, and the Tartar-women of the 
two former countries know how to fpin it 
very well. It would only require to aug- 
ment the culture of it, to be fufficient te 
fupply the wants of home confumption.—- 
The root of {wallow-wort, the lmagofris, 
and the bund/kol, which are found in abun-~— 
dance about Aftracan, in the Ukraine, 
the province of Ufa, and on the Don, are 
very valuable. The linagoftris grows 
abundantly in Livonia, in Ingermanland, 
the diftrits of Zoer, Novogored, Arch- 
angel, and Siberia. In the monthof Au- 
cult they might reap an enormous harvet 
of it. The down of thefe-plants, mixed 
with a quarterly proportion of cotton, -is 
well calculated to make excellent ftuffs, — 
bonnets, and fockings. 
The manna which is gathered in fam- 
mer on the ftalks of herbs, and of which . 
a fort of gruel is made, is the particular 
produce ef Livonia. ‘The manna-plant 
grows in marfhy places, and it is found’ in 
the diftricts of Pletkow, Polozki, Wotk. 
wai, Twer, and Smolenfki.. Abundance 
of this feed is gathered in Silefia, Poland, 
and Pruffia ; it is fmaller than poppy- 
feed. Buck-wheat is cultivated in fome 
eftates of the noblefle, but in too finall 
quantities te admit of being experted. 
ee, Ruffia 
