1804. 
ter, and fixed at a depth of nearly fifteen 
inches in the ground. ‘The water comes 
from a hill in the neighbourhood, and is 
colleéted in a refervoir near the manufac- 
tory, whence itis, by means of pumps and 
eanais, conducted to fevera] other places. 
The fehiltus is left to teep four-and-twenty 
hours ; at the end of which the water is 
drawn off by an orifice in the bottom of the 
bafon, and poured upon another quantity 
of fchiftus newly roafted. This operation 
is continued till the water is impregnated 
to twenty-four or twenty-fix degrees with 
the matter trom the {chiflus. © The lixi- 
-viated {chittus is again and again roafted, 
till it is believed’ to contain no more. of 
fulphurated aluminous matter. The lixi- 
vium is clarified in refervoirs in the ground, 
and then put into boilers for ebullition. 
The boilers are made of lead coated with 
iron; they are not wide, but of fufficient 
depth. Lead is ufed, becaufe the ful- 
phuric acid would diffolye iron if the 
boilers were of this metal only, and would 
thus give fulphate of iron, inftead ct fal- 
phate of alumin. ‘Thefe boilers of lead 
are, however, gradually melted down in 
The courfeof the manufa@ture, and never, 
Jaft more than three or four months each 
hhe boileris made full, and the lixivium is 
f{ubjected:to a very ftrong ebullition, The 
fire is extinguifhed, and the boilers are 
emptied only. when an earthy depofit is 
perceived to have fettled on the bottem of 
the boiler, to fuch a thiecknefs, that the 
ebullition is interrupted by it. The fur- 
nace is {mall, {quare, and conftructed of 
bricks; with an opening in front, and 
a flue behind, to give a paflage to the 
fmoke. It might perhaps be of advan- 
tage in this eftablifhment to fulpend eva- 
porating bafons over the boilers: wood 
might be {pared by adopting fuch a con. 
trivance. Wood is the fuel ufed ; and 
three cords are confumed every twenty- 
four hours under each boiler. An at. 
" tempt was made to heat the boilers with 
the fchiftus in the aét of roafting; but 
this did not fucceed. The earthy fedi- 
ment is at firft red; and becomes after- 
wards yellow. Some little of it is pre- 
ared for ufe as ared paint. From the 
boilers: the lixivium is poured into a great 
wooden refervoir, in which it is left to 
fettle and depofit another fediment. It is 
thenee conduéted into other refervoirs, in 
which it cryftallizes. In the courfe of five 
or fix days its cryftals are depofited on the 
Bottom and fides of the releryoir. The 
mother-water is then drawn off; and the 
cryftals are wafhed in frefh water. The 
mother-water, as it contains filla good 
Travels in Norway, by F.C. Fabricius. 
? 
Si 
deal of alum, is boiled a fecond time. The 
cryftals, after the-wafhing in freth water, 
acquire the name of /afian. They are 
then diffolved in pure water, and fubmit~ 
ted to another evaporation ; after which 
the new lixivium is poured: into large bar. 
rels ftrongly hooped with iron; and in 
thefe is left fifteen days or three weeks 
for cryftallization. At the end of thag 
time, the water is poured off, the barvel 
is broken up, and the alum is takem out 
for fale. ‘Fhe alum thus prepared, is 
hard, clear, white, and o€tohedral, with 
truncated angles, of a harfh, ftiptic, difa- 
greeable tafte. About 500 tons of it are 
made here annually: The {chools of Chrif- 
tiania are much celebrated ; the profeffors 
are numerous; and here is certainly one 
of the beft feminaries for education in 
Norway. 
At Edfwoll, where our travellers arrived 
on the 4th of July, they had opportunity 
to infpect the iron-works belonging’ to Mr, 
Slangebufch, which turnifh: about forty 
five tons of not very good iron in the year. 
The only remarkable thing which they 
here obferved, was the ereftion of a reatt. 
ing-furnace over a wind-tfurnace, with 4 
ftrong grating of iron bars between the 
two. The roafiimg furnace was fuficiently 
capacious to hold fixty tons of the ore. 
It was conftructed of common flones, and 
coated on the infide with {corie of iron, 
Its form was cylindvical; its height, ele- 
ven. feet; its diameter twelve inches. In 
filling it, alternate ftrata of the iron ore 
and charcoal-duft were put in. Near Edi 
woll, there is alfo am inconfiderable geld 
mine, which is wrought at an expence ef 
1500 rix dollars a year, but not hitherte 
with the vigour requifite to make it. fully 
productive. ‘The hill in which this gold 
mine exifts, is not high, and rifes witha 
very gentle elevation. It ftands m a nar- 
row vale, between two ranges of lofty 
and precipitous rocks, It runs, like alf 
the hills in Norway, in a dire&tion from 
north to fouth. Its ftrata are of quartz, 
with a mixture of micacious and argille- 
ferruginous particles. The veins run in 
the fame direction as the hill. The two 
principal ones lie one on each fide of a ri- 
vulet that runs through the valley ; that 
which is the fartheft to the weft, extend- 
ing to the foot of the hill, and being 
opened in an horizontal line. The vers 
are of confiderable breadth. 
gues are of a hard quartz, mixed with 2 
large proportion of ferruginous matter, 
and with fome grains of goid. The deep- 
eft of the open veins is fubjeét to be over- 
flowed by water from the rock. The 
wales 
The gan. . 
