140 
whence he had been abfent for fome 
time, in order to exprefs their joy on that 
accaiion, caufed a comedy to be acted be- 
fore him, .on Sunday, January 33, 1417, 
the fubjeSts of which were the: nativity 
of our Lord, the arrival of the Eaftern Ma- 
gi, and the cruelty of Herod. The Ger- 
mans, therefore, fays Monfieur L’Enfant, 
are obliged to the Englifh for the inven- 
tion of thefe fort of fpectacles, unknown 
to them before that time 
Leiter from Mr. Cole to Dr. Percy. 
Feb.23, 1767: 
CROZIER, 0” PASTORAL STAFF. 
Dr. Archibald Macklain, in a note up- 
onthe word crozier, in Mofheim’s Eccle- 
fiaftical Hiftory, (vel. 1. p. 319, edit. 
1758,) thus explains it. ‘* The dituus, 
(fays he,) which, among the ancient Ro- 
mans, was the chief enfign of the augurs, 
and which derived its name from its re- 
femblance to the military-trumpet, be- 
came amark o! epilcopal dignity, we call 
it the crozier, or bithop’s ftaff.”” But 
herein I take him to be utterly miftaken. 
The crozier, or pattoral ftati, is taken 
from the known and common ftaff which 
fhepherds, even to this day, make ufe of 
to catch hold of the hinder-leg of their 
fheep, in order to take them, and alludes 
to the paftoral office of the bifhops and 
clergy, according to that of our Saviour, 
«© T am the good fhepherd ;* and to the 
common name of the clergy, paltors, or 
fhepherds. 
ic is no uncommon device to fee a cro- 
zier, from the hand of a bifhop or faint, 
piercing the mouth of a dragon, on which 
they trample, to fmitate the victory of 
Chriftian faith over the works of the De- 
vil, reprefented by a dragon. This was 
on an old tomb, the only one remaining, 
dug up fome years ago in the precincts of 
the Priory of Bernwell, near Cambridge, 
and probably defigned for one of the pri- 
orsthere. It ison anold tomb in Pelham 
Church, where the crofs gorges the dra- 
on. And the fame device occurs on an 
old tomb belonging to Bifhop Roger, at 
Salifbury. (See the Archzclogia, vol. ii. 
pl. xiil.) 
HABITS AND FASHIONS. 
Monfieur de Ja Porte, in his Mémoires, 
printed 1751, at p. 81, telisus that the 
Gomte de Charoft, in 1633, going to 
Court, was dreff=d in a fuir of black vel- 
vet, with white boots. 
The fame perfon, a little after, at p. 
85, fays that Queen Anne of Auftria, his 
miftrefs, fent him to the Duke of Lor- 
4 
Coliana. 
[ Marek ¥, 
raine, who had difpleafed her, and to re- 
proach him with his folly, with a prefent 
of a tababare, as hecalls it, on bonnet a 
Ll Angloife de velours verd chamaré de paf- 
femens d’or double de panne jeune, avec ut 
bouquet de plumes, vertes G jaunes! It 
fhould feem by this that it was then look- 
ed upon as a fortof fools cap: yet by the 
defcription it feems to have been much 
more ornamented than the hat, which has 
banifhed al! forts of caps but the Scotch 
- blue bonnet; no doubt from its ufefulnefs 
and better defence againft the weather. . 
Black filk patches on the face were ufed 
by the ladies even in Oliver’s time. (See 
the Life of Lady Warner, p. 19.} 
KING’s COLLEGE CHAPEL<- 
The feats of the old oaken ftails, which 
are contrived to turn up or down, as the 
petfon chufes to fit higher or lower, are 
curioufly carved with grotefque figures, 
as in the older ones in Ely Cathedral; but 
thefe odd figures, te ridicule the monks 
and regular clergy, are no where better 
expreffed than in the ftone fpouts and orna- 
ments of the old buildings of this college, 
oppofite to Clare Hall Chapel. Burnet, 
in his Travels, giving an account of the. 
cathedral of Strafburg, has fet this matter 
in a good light, (p.276, 277): ‘* The 
bas reliefs upon the tops of tke great pil- 
lars of the church are not fo vilible; but 
they are furprizing ; for this being a fa- 
bric of three or four hundred years old, it 
is very ftrange to fee fuch reprefentations 
as are there. There is a proceffion repre- 
fented, in which a hog carrieth the pot 
with the holy- water, and affes and hogs, 
in prieftly veftments, follow, to make up 
the proceflion. There is alfo an als 
ftanding before an altar, as if he were go- 
ing to confecrate, and one carrieth a cafe 
with reliques, within which one feeth a 
fox ; and the trains of ail who go in this 
proceffion are carried up by monkies.— 
This feems to have been made in hatred 
of the monks, whom the fecular clergy ab- 
horred at that time, becaufe they had 
_drawn the wealth and the following of the 
world after them ; and they had expofed 
the fecular clergy fo much for their igno- 
rance, that it is probable, after fome ages, 
the monks falling under the fame con- 
tempt, the fecular clergy took their turn. 
in expofing them in fo lafting a reprefen- 
tation to the {corn of the world. There 
is alfo in the pulpit a nun, cut in wocd, 
lying along, and a fryar lying near her, 
with his breviary open before him, and 
his head under the nun’s habit, and the 
nun’s feet are fhod with iron fhees.”” 
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