376 
defence in the art of war. The patentee 
has alfo a contrivance, by means of a 
fpring, which keeps the pike firm in its 
place when thrown out of the fheath. 
Obfervations—The. fame objections 
which occurred to us, when examining the 
patent hearth-bruthes, {trike us with equal 
force in the prefent inftance. The coft of 
a pike made upon the common and fimple 
plan is very trifling, whereas one made ac- 
cording to Mr.-Thomafon’s method muft 
neceflarily be expenfive. We fhould think 
alfo, that they weuld be liable to get out 
of order, which, in ax inttrument of this 
fort, is a’ very ferious objection; befides, 
if the time fhould unfortunatdly arrive, 
when an invading enemy fhould render 
pikes neceffary to felf-cefence, it would be 
vain to wait for patent inftruments, ‘* fz- 
ror arma minifirat ;° the points of com. 
mon fcythes, even large knives, would in- 
ftantly be put in long poles, and anfwer-the 
ends of the nation as well, or perhaps even 
better, than an inftrument complicated 
with racks and wheels. 
MR. CLEMENT SHARP’s and MR« AMOS 
WHITTEMORE’S (LONDON) for a Ma- 
CHINE for making all sorTS of CARDS 
for carding WOOL, COTTON, Ge. and 
Sor drefing WOOLLEN-CLOTHS. 
The mode in which cards are at prefent 
made, viz. by firft piercing all the holes in 
the piece of leather, and preparing the fta- 
ples to be put in them fingly by the hand, 
muft he confined to cards of a {mall fize, 
and the crook of the ftaples is always lia- 
ble to be altered, in forcing them through 
ftout leather, which cautes the cards to 
work unevenly. Thefe and other imper- 
fections are avoided by the machine, which 
will make cards of any fize, with leather 
of any thicknefs, and with the greateft 
uniformity, to the great improvement of 
the woollen and cotton manufactures. The 
leather is put into the ftretching-frame, 
and, by itsdifferent motions, every part of 
it is brought alternately to a given point, 
in the centre of the machine; which, if a 
tracer would draw upon ft any peat ern, it 
is then fet to the detired pattern, and one 
end of the leaf brought to the center; on 
the machine being put in motion, a pair 
of holes are mace in the leaf, at the fame 
time the proper length of wire is brought 
firward and feized by its middle, when it 
is cut off, and bent into the fhape cf a 
ftaple, then conduéted through the holes 
in the leaf, where it is crooked, let loofe, 
and forced up to its place. The leaf is 
then fhifred, the fpace for the next ftaple, 
and the feveral movements again take place 
and are repeated, until a row in width is 
New Patents lately enrolled. 
[ May !, 
complete; when it is fhifted to the dif- 
tance for the next row, which is completed 
in a fimilar manner, and fo on till the card 
is finifhed. 
The. machine intended for this purpofe 
is very accurately defcribed in the {pecifi~ 
cation; but the patentees with it to be 
underftood, that, in conftruéting it, nel- 
the materials of which it is compofed, nor 
the mode by which the feverai movements 
are obtained, are effential :o the mventron. 
To accommodate the machines inrend- 
ed for large cards to ribbon-cards or fillet- 
ing, the ftretching-frame and hanging-bar 
are removed, and a fimail pair of rollers 
are fitted to the carriage, which are mov- 
ed hy a band paffing over a pulley on the 
top bar, and another on the axis of one of 
the rollers. The leather is put under a 
pulley fixed to the floor between rollers, 
and over a pulley fixed above the machine, 
where a weight is fufpended to it to keep 
it tight againft the anvil, where it is 
pierced and ftapled as the other cards are. 
i SE 
MR. ISAAC HAWKINS S\(LISLE-STREET) 
for new MACHINERY and METHODS 
for writing, painting, drawing, ruling 
LINES, and other THINGS. 
This invention may be thus defcrihed : 
For writing, two or more pens are afhxed 
to a horizontal and perpendicular parallel 
ruler, fo that no motion, either up, down, 
fideways, forward, or backward, can be 
made with one of the pens, without mov- 
ing the other or others ina fimilar manner, 
by which means as many letters or figures 
are made at the fame time as there are 
pens. By the fame machine as many lines 
are ruled at once as pens are put into the 
parallel ruler. Paintings are done in the 
fame manner, by fubftituting for pens, 
camel’s hair or other pencils. For draw- 
ing with chalk or other fubftances, the 
fubfiances are put into port-crayons or 
cafes, which are affixed to the parallel ru- 
ler inftead of pens. ‘To draw likenefles 
of perfons, a tracer is to be fixed to one or 
more parallel rulers, and as many pens, 
pencils, or metal points, as likenefles are 
wanted. ‘This tracer is to be paffed over 
the face, head, &c. as is to be reprefented 
in the drawing ; and the pens, &c. will 
‘mark on paper or any other thing placed 
againtt them, fimilar lines to that pafled by 
the tracer. Likeneffes in per{pectiveare alfo 
taken, of various fizes at the fame time, 
by a particular mode of placing the paral- 
jel ruler, and by fixing the tracer, pens, 
or points, toa pantograph. Drawings ef 
different: fizes are done at a fingle opera- 
tion, by a'taching: pens, &c. to a double” 
pantograph. Writing may alfo be dif 
torted 
